Purposes: This study is comparative analysis of the job satisfaction by enneagram personality types of general hospital workers.
Methodology: The data were collected from 312 workers of 3 general hospitals using standardized questionnaires. Personality types were examined using the enneagram, and job satisfaction was analyzed according to personality 9 types.
Findings: In all personality types, it was found that communication had the most important influence on job satisfaction. In 1 type, reward system, working environment·welfare, and communication had a significant positive(+) effect on job satisfaction. In 7, 9 types, empowerment and communication had a significant positive influence on job satisfaction.
Practical Implications: According to the personality type of the hospital workers, job satisfaction factors were found to be different. These results are expected to be important reference materials for human resources management in hospitals.

Purpose: The purpose of this study was to analyze the association between single-person households & Beneficiary of National Basic Livelihood and recommendation on alcohol consumption, and counseling on drinking problems for adults 19 years of age or older.
Methods: In this study, excluding missing values, the association between the single-person household & Beneficiary of National Basic Livelihood and recommendation to refrain drinking alcohol, counseling for drinking problems was analyzed by using the chi-squre test and logistic regression analysis.
Results: In the case of non-single person households, compared to single-person households, the recommendation rate to refrain drinking alcohol was 1.519 OR (Odds Ratio [OR]: 1.159 , p-value <.0001). meanwhile, in the case of Beneficiary of National Basic Livelihood, the recommendation rate to refrain alcohol consumption was higher by 1.414 OR (OR: 1.414, p-value: 0.011), and the drinking problem counseling rate was also higher by 2.257 OR (OR: 2.257, p-value: 0.026) compared to non-beneficiary group.
Discussion & Conclusion: Based on the 2016-2019 National Health and Nutrition Survey, this study investigated the associaiton between single households & Beneficiary of National Basic Livelihood and recommendations to refrain alcohol, and counseling on drinking problems. Compared to the Beneficiary of National Basic Livelihood group, single-person household group has recently been classified as a socially vulnerable group, but it is not applicable in the policy category. If policy and institutional measures for treatment are provided, it is expected that the problem of alcohol abuse can be reduced.

Purpose: Physician's occupational burnout has been a very important issue that can cause negative consequences not only for individual's physical and mental health, but also for patient's health and the overall national healthcare system. For the reason, this study confirmed how consultation length and the number of outpatients affect physician's occupational burnout in the medical environment.
Methodology: In the study, the data of '2020 Korean Physician Survey' conducted by Korean Medical Association(KMA) was used for the analysis, and a total of 4,215 physicians were selected as study samples. The differences in the degree of occupational burnout according to the physicians' general characteristics were confirmed through uni-variate analysis, and also a regression analysis was conducted to confirm the effects of consultation length and the number of outpatients on physician's occupational burnout.
Findings: As a result. the overall degree of physician's occupational burnout decreased(β=-0.051, p<0.01) as the consultation length increased. Specifically, the physician's emotional exhaustion increased(β=0.051, p<0.01), while the reduction of accomplishment decreased(β=-0.131, p<0.001). Furthermore, the overall occupational burnout decreased(β=-0.047, p<0.01) as a proportion of advice and education during the consultation increased, and it had an effect on the decrease in depersonalization(β=-0.045, p<0.01) and the reduction of accomplishment(β=-0.065, p<0.001). At last, as the number of outpatients increased, the overall occupational burnout increased(β=0.041, p<0.05) with more emotional exhaustion(β=0.095, p<0.001), depersonalization(β =0.065, p<0.001), and less reduction of personal achievement(β=-0.081, p<0.001).
Practical implication: Consequently, it is necessary to prevent physician's occupational burnout by ensuring sufficient consultation length and providing a medical environment to treat an appropriate number of patients. Therefore, national policies should expand health insurance coverage and compensate medical fees for sufficient consultation length that both patients and physicians can satisfy. It will ultimately contribute to ensuring the patients' health and improving the quality of national healthcare services.

Purpose: This study explores the diffusion factors of corporate entrepreneurship among members of medical institutions.
Methodology/Approach: The study explores the case of Granum Sinapis Center at Seoul St. Mary's Hospital, the first medical institution to establish a support organization for 'innovation and start-up' as well as examines the changes in individual perceptions of participants in the institution's in-house contest. Among the 140 participants in the 2nd Contest held in 2022, seven participants were selected for interview in consideration of their job occupation and years of service. In-depth interviews were conducted for each individual.
Findings: The participants applied for the contest under the direct and indirect influence of co-workers as well as compensatory factors. An individual's corporate entrepreneurial characteristics can be innate or acquired. The participants of the in-house contest had a positive experience in contrast to the existing organizational culture. The results reveal that emotional support from top and middle managers, along with the role of dedicated departments, can affect innovative behavior.
Practical Implications: Contest participants reported personal growth, improved job satisfaction, and a change in perception of the organizational culture; they expressed their willingness to recommend. The results confirm the need to support such systems and shift focus to managerial (emotional) support and dedicated resources for developing individual entrepreneurship.