Considering that it is difficult to standardize cultural characteristics as a single coherent system, this study attempts to design a Korean culture syllabus that takes into account such aspects as cultural characteristics, teaching places and the idiosyncrasy of the field. First, we use a basic research results such as analysis of teaching materials and previous studies as well as learner needs analysis. Based on this, we design a weighted scoring system, select the final culture education items, sort them and suggest an order of priority for application according to variants. Second, we propose a culture teaching syllabus according to the level of proficiency and present a prototype syllabus for Sejong school learners. Third, we separate the "language-culture linked culture syllabus" from the "culture independent syllabus", then stratify each syllabus and propose development principles, procedures, and contents. We hope the research methodology and contents employed in this study provide a new idea to the future culture education study. (Yonsei University)

This study investigates the synonymic relationship between form and meaning in modern times Sino-Korean and Sino-Japanese, and aims to clarify usages found in each language.
Although various different publications exist, this research selected as the subject material the 'Ineodaebang' (Meiji 1882 publication), as it is the closest to the current language. The contents of this research are composed of letters and recorded dialogues between Korean and Japanese people. As the scope of this research is limited to the analysis of three out of the nine volumes, the discussion is limited to the heteromorphic synonymy - where the form is different but the meaning is the same - used in both Korea and Japan at the time. The study confirmed the presence of 91 synonymic pairs in all 21 categories present in the three volumes, and results showed that bi-syllabic synonymic Sino-words appeared the most at 86%, and the appearance of “AB/CD” type words was found to be 38%. We were able to verify semantic reduction and widening, raising and lowering, as well as changes in meaning according to synonymic competition as a semantic phenomenon that appears in the synonymic Sino-words of Korea and Japan at the time.
Through this research, we were able to re-establish the exchange between Sino-Korean and Sino-Japanese words, and it is our belief that this research will serve to assist scholars studying Korean and Japanese in the future. (Kansai University)

This study aims at clarifying the mental manipulation process of words which change phoneme in alteration according to phonemic chain circumstances and is looking for methodologies with the consideration of types of alteration. The most effective way of the learning of foreign language is "Maximal application in way of the Minimal strategy". Hereupon this maxim, the learning way of words which are under general and necessary rule is the most effective for learner to accept indirect link with the reference to department of phoneme than the other ones. The learning way of words which are under restrictive and necessary rule is the most effective for learner to accept direct link between the individual form and individual phoneme. the learning way of the words which are under general and optional rule or restrictive and optional rule are effective to accept neither direct link nor indirect link because the changed phoneme is not acknowledged as the standard language except learners who have particular purpose and is exposed to particular surroundings. (Daegu University)

This paper examines some lexical fields related to human, which are appearance lexical field, ability lexical field, personality lexical field, occupation lexical field, relatives lexical field, and address terms and referring terms lexical field. Focusing on Korean language education, I also develop a vocabulary list of human lexical fields for education. The process of developing a vocabulary list is as follows. First, this paper covers all vocabularies used in Korean language textbooks. and then draws out high frequency and low level of difficulty words from word entries listed in Natmal corp.'s dictionary. Third, it adds vocabularies which can be easily recognized according to the result of survey targeting Korean language learners. Lastly, this paper selects the vocabulary by learning stages with reference to the learning stages of < The Report on the Vocabulary Chosen for Learning Korean >. Through this process, we learn human beings recognize someone or something through a dichotomous way of thinking. I present specific lexical field learning contents, learning activities and assessment method according to the learning stages. (Sookmyung Women's University)

This study searched the aspects of writing development through analysing a child's diary that had been written 7 to 11. According to Bereiter(1980), the ability of good writer consists of six elements: ① the fluency of expression with a written language, ② the fluency of idea generation, ③ the mastery of the conventions and general rules about writing, ④ the social cognition in order to considering audience, ⑤ the appreciative and critical power about the excellent texts, ⑥ the regenerative thinking and the insight. They are related the stages of writing development. This study is based on the theory above.
Writing development is derived by child's cognitive ability. But the elementary school student do not enjoy writing something. Because they feel writing like homeworks or tasks that are assigned by school teacher. That is why writing education. (The Catholic University of Korea)

The purpose of this study is to try to approach 'multiculture politics' theoretically as a culture study. Multiculture often made by groups of people belonging to various classes is suspected in that subjects are adapted and assimilated to the society. Consequently, one tends to see arguments in multicluture with critical views via the way of culture studies. In this study, we have tried to approach multiculture studies with the concept of multiculture politics. The theoretical approach to 'multiculture politics' as a culture study is a working process to prepare answers to questions for “What is multiculture?” “Who is one, what does one want to be and how to live?” in ones who live in multiculture society. The area of multiculture politics is studied via classification in the category of personal areas, cultural areas and structural areas. The debate in the multiculture politic model still remains as an assignment to solve. What the contents are in the practice of multiculture politics is studied in terms of the theory of culture studies for multiculture criticizing. (Inha University)

This study is focusing on the cultural education in Korean language education as a foreign language. Recently, not only instrumental value of language but the importance of cultural education of target language has been brought up in a field of language education. In account of this, the concept of teaching-learning has been developed to permit and/or adjust disparity of language and intercultural competence. According to this point of view, the encountered literature and culture in a foreign language education functions as authentic texts a language learner should study to learn target language. As well as the notion that language, literature, and culture should be integrated has been recognised in the field of foreign language education and second language education.
Culture, the major issue of the current study, has been defined in diverse contexts and concepts; such diversity leads to a bias toward the belief that the culture is inscrutable and abstract so that it is unteachable. As facing internal and external challenges of the culture and skeptical criticism, the researchers of cultural education have tried establishing the status of the academic field of Korean Language Education as a foreign language. As a result, the culture in Korean language education is considered as a concrete figure, not merely a teaching-learning instrument. Cultural competence in Korean language competence is regarded as important educational content in the same manner.
In this context, this study has examined the current state of the contents of Korean cultural education and the reality of cultural education was reviewed by using Korean literature works. In this regards, it was conducted to suggest the aim of Korean cultural education which has characteristics of integrated teaching-learning. (Seoul National University)

This paper examines the semantic and syntactic characteristics to the connective endings '-deoni' and '-eossdeoni'. It has been claimed in previous many studies and korean study books that they have the same meanings and syntactic constraints. But semantically, while '-deoni' indicates sequential, contrasting, supplementary and causal relation, '-eossdeoni' indicates sequential, reactive, discovering, contrasting, supplementary and causal relation. Also syntactically, two connective ending are different. First, '-eossdeoni' does not have a 'subject agreement constraint', while '-deoni' requires mostly a 'subject agreement constraint in the pre-clause and post-clause. Second, '-eossdeoni' has the first person, second person or third person's activity in pre-clause, but '-deoni' does not have the first person's activity in pre-clause. Third, while '-deoni' has the witness event of speaker or the speaker's feelings in pre-clause and post-clause, '-eossdeoni' has the activity of the first person or the second and third person in pre-clause, having of different person' activity in post-clause. Therefore, '-deoni' and '-eossdeoni' should be separate to the different connective endings and should be taught to korean learners. (Sungkyunkwan University)

This study aims at extracting the error questions and clarifying to notable points of reading questions with regard to the degree of difficulty and discrimination of TOPIK(Test of Proficiency in Korean) levels. This study is the first to analyze 30 question items per level, which are classified by selective type based on the answers of the 21th and the 22th TOPIK using the Classical Test Theory and Item Response Theory. As the result of analyzing the answers, this study suggests increasing question difficulty in the novice level and expanding the degree of discrimination in the advanced level. The object data used in analysis of the answers of the 21th and the 22th TOPIK in the area of reading are 1 question item from the novice level, 10 from in the middle level, and 17 from the advanced level. Each question included was below .64 in the low degree of discrimination. As the result, 5 items had problems. The first principle of making these questions is that the text should satisfy the purpose of the exam and it should include only one topic sentence. Secondly, the content and the words used in the ansxer sheet should be given correctly. (Yeungnam University)

This research points out the necessity to introduce and enhance the evaluation of pronunciation ability in Korean language education. Pronunciation education and evaluation has not been sufficient in Korean language education. One of the reasons for this insufficient pronunciation education is that pronunciation test is not included in official Korean language tests or in-house tests, and, even when it is included, the methodology is not consistent and the portion is relatively small. Therefore, to develop pronunciation education in Korean, we need to include pronunciation test not only in a language institution but also in a representative Korean proficiency test like TOPIK.
So far, pronunciation test in Korean language has been a part of speaking test, and has been dependent on speaking test. However, this research proves the possibility evaluating language learners' pronunciation capability through the perception test. In this research, the survey of phonetic production and perception tests was conducted on Chinese native students who learn Korean. This research would show the possibility of utilizing pronunciation test as a pre-phase before introducing 'pronunciation test as a part of speaking test'. Also, considering various factors including reliability, objectivity, validity, and economics of the tests, this would be a method with reasonable practicability and validity. (EwhaWomansUniversity)