In recent years, the number of marine chemical accidents have increased with the quantity of hazardous and noxious substances (HNSs) transported by ships. The Korean government is developing response systems for such marine chemical accidents. Current technology for HNS monitoring includes various types of detection papers and kits, gas detectors, portable analyzers, and laboratory analytical instruments. Many of these resources are already in use by agencies responsible for marine chemical accident responses. However, most of these agencies do not use unmanned air and water vehicles (UAV and UWV) for sample collection and real-time monitoring of HNSs. In this study, we developed UAV and UWV disaster-management payloads for air and seawater samplers and real-time analyzers and evaluated these at several port locations. Finally, we make recommendations for an HNS response system, including a control center, a command ship, and UAV and UWV components, and propose a three-step of response procedures for chemical accidents. This system enables emergency response personnel to respond to chemical accidents more efficiently and with improved safety.