Purpose: This study is to understand the experiences of people with serious mental illness following adjustment to independent living. Methods: Aphenomenological research approach was used. Research participants were recruited from community psychiatric rehabilitation centers where they received the support for successfully independent living in the community. In-depth interviews were conducted with a total of 20 research participants from September 2019 to August 2021. The collected data were analyzed using the phenomenological analysis method previously described by Giorgi. Results: Four major themes emerged from our analysis: (1) feeling free in everyday life changed when they started living independently; (2) being the owner of my life; (3) feeling surrounded by barriers at the start of independent living; and (4) required efforts and support for fully living independently. Conclusion: Our study findings encourage fundamental understanding of benefits and difficulties in adjusting to independent living and the adjustment process among people with serious mental illness through in-depth analysis of their experiences. It is necessary to conduct further studies to develop interventions to support people with serious mental illness once they start living independently and instruments to measure their independence.

Purpose: This study aims to investigate the relationship between smoking and alcohol consumption on the risk of suicide among culturally diverse adolescents. Methods: This is a secondary data analysis study using data derived from the 15~17th (2019~2021) Youth Health Behavior Online Survey. Data from 2,922 culturally diverse adolescents were analyzed using descriptive statistics, the Rao-Scott x2 test, and hierarchical logistic regression. Results: After controlling for demographic and individual, family, and social factors as compounding variables, the suicide attempt of culturally diverse adolescents with smoking and alcohol consumption dual use experience was a 1.91 odds ratio (95% CI: 1.02~3.55) compared to culturally diverse adolescents without smoking and alcohol consumption experiences. Conclusion: Our study findings indicate a need to prevent suicide among culturally diverse adolescents with smoking and alcohol consumption experiences. Suicidal prevention programs would greatly benefit from the experiences from culturally diverse adolescents who are smoking and consuming alcohol to better their programs on decreasing suicide attempts.

Purpose: This study aims to analyze the mediation role that impulsivity plays between social stigma and SNS cyberbullying when moderated by parental attachment. Methods: This study is a secondary analysis using the raw data from panel survey of adolescents who have dropped out of school provided by the Korea Youth Policy Research Institute, and the total number of samples is 576 cases. SPSS V.25 and PROCESS macro for SPSS V.3.5.2 were used for data analysis. Results: In the relationship between social stigma and SNS cyberbullying behavior, impulsivity showed a statistically significant positive completely mediating effect. Parental attachment was found to control impulsivity as a parameter and SNS cyberbullying as a dependent variable, and thus the mediated moderating effect was verified. Conclusion: Based on the results of this study, it was confirmed that parental attachment plays a role as a regulatory mechanism to lower impulsivity. More specifically, in controlling impulsivity caused by the social stigma of school-dropped adolescents, support based on parental attachment of parents is absolutely necessary.

Purpose: The purpose of this study is to identify the interpersonal relationship competence level of depressive disorder patients and to analyze the correlation among factors determining support, and resilience, and how such factors might affect interpersonal relationship competence of depressive disorder patients. Methods: This study included 137 patients with depressive disorder at the Gyeonggi-do hospital who consented to participate. Data were collected from September, 2019 to June, 2020. Descriptive analysis, t-test, Cronbach's coefficient, Pearson's correlation coefficient, and stepwise multiple regression were conducted using SPSS 24.0 program. Results: The interpersonal relationship competence of patients with depressive disorder showed positive correlations with self-esteem, family support, and resilience. The factor affecting interpersonal relationship competence of patients with depressive disorder was resilience (β=.52, p<.001), and the overall explanatory power of this factor was 28%. Conclusion: This study showed that resilience was an important variable which influenced interpersonal relationship competence of patients with depressive disorder. To enhance the interpersonal relationship competence of patients with depressive disorder, it is necessary to develop and implement training programs which would enhance resilience and educational programs in order to help patients with depressive disorder increase interpersonal relationship competence.

Purpose: The purpose of this study is to investigate the patient safety status and patient safety education contents and methods perceived by nurses working in psychiatric hospitals. Methods: Data were collected using a semi-structured questionnaire for psychiatric hospital nurses who had worked for more than one year. A total of 157 questionnaires were filled and were used for analysis using descriptive statistics. Open-ended questions about the contents and methods of patient safety education were classified by each researcher and a reclassification was conducted by consensus through discussions. Results: Overall, 142 nurses (90.4%) experienced patient safety accident during the previous 1 month. Among those who experienced a patient safety accident, profanity, violence, and aggression-related accident counted for the highest percentage (82.8%). The demand for education on workplace stress management and education on psychiatric medication were the highest. Required education methods included case-by-case education on patient safety accidents, regular and continuous education, and small-scale face-to-face education. Conclusion: In the future, it is necessary to actively utilize the results of this study as basic data for in-depth research on the causes of patient safety accidents, accident prevention, and the workload of nursing personnel.

Purpose: The purpose of this study is to find out the meaning of self-care experiences of family members of mentally ill patients and describe its essential structure. Methods: The Giorgi's phenomenological research methodology was used. Six families participated in this study. In-depth individual interviews were used to collect data from October to December in 2021. Results: Five clusters of themes were identified. They were “Selfless life”, “Life on shaky grounds”, “Attempts to escape from the suffering”, “Moving forward on self-care path”, and “Happiness blooming in being together”. Conclusion: The findings suggest that mental health care professionals should provide educational programs to enable families of patients with mental illness to recognize the necessity for self-care and discover ways to take care of themselves. In addition, it is necessary to develop policies to expand patient management services at mental health welfare centers so that families of patients with mental illness can secure time for self-care.

Purpose: The purpose of this research is to assess the communication experiences of nursing students by conducting a simulation using standardized patients and to understand their essential meaning in-depth. Methods: This research was conducted from May to June 2022 and targeted 17 third-year nursing students who were attending K University in Kangwon-do and underwent mental health nursing simulation. In-depth interview was conducted by organizing a focus group, and this the outcomes were analyzed by Colaizzi's phenomenological method. Results: The communication experiences were derived in four categories, namely, 'Preoccupation in the situation like it's real', 'Embarrassed by unpredictable communication situation', 'Self-reflection on communication' and 'The effort to improve communication skills'. Conclusion: Based on the results of this research, there is a need to conduct well-designed scenarios and modules, and to provide pre-training so that standardized patients can provide various communication responses. Moreover, it is necessary to provide opportunities for nursing students to acquire nursing ability on their own.

Purpose: This integrative review aims to identify changes in people with schizophrenia during the COVID-19 pandemic. Methods: An integrative literature review method of Whittemore and Knafl was applied to integrate the studies. The literature search was conducted in six electronic databases using English and Korean search terms. Three researchers independently reviewed the extracted papers and rated their quality based on predetermined inclusion and exclusion criteria. A total of fifteen relevant studies were included. Results: The selected articles were all international papers, and most of them were quantitative studies. The changes observed in people with schizophrenia were summarized as follows: (1) changes in health outcomes: psychosocial (increased levels of depression, stress, anxiety, sleep disturbance, and psychotic-like experience) and physical (reduction in food intake, weight loss, changes in immunerelated clinical values, etc.); (2) changes in treatment and health management: increased hospitalization, decreased ICU hospitalization, and a decrease in outpatient visits and prescription rate. Conclusion: This study confirmed the impacts of the COVID-19 pandemic on people with schizophrenia. It is necessary to develop mental health policies and appropriate nursing interventions to help people in preparing for possible future crises.

Purpose: The homelessness problem in Korea has developed into a social structural and economic problem, as the number of homeless people continues to increase. The purpose of this study is to verify the effect of self-reliance on the homeless by applying group logotherapy. Methods: This study used a Nonequivalent control group pretestposttest design. 74 participants were used for analysis. Intervention group, 37 homeless people participated in the logotherapy for 5 weeks, and the effect was measured through pre, post, and 4 weeks follow-up tests. The research results were analyzed using a Repeated measure ANCOVA. Results: As a result, the difference in intervention variables according to the interaction between time * groups was significant. The meaning in life and self efficacy significantly increased in the intervention group than in the control group, and depression significantly decreased. Conclusion: As a result, it can be seen that the logotherapy program is effective in increasing the meaning in life and self efficacy of homeless people's lives and reducing depression. Based on the results of this study, it is expected that the group logotherapy program will be actively used as a program for self-reliance of the homeless person.

Purpose: The emotional problem of schizophrenia is an important factor that directly affects interpersonal relations and social behavior and can put them at risk of worsening symptoms and recurrence. This study attempted to develop an emotional intelligence promotion program for schizophrenia and verify its effectiveness based on Moon's emotional intelligence component and Leventhal and Cameron's self-regulation model. Methods: The design of this study is the experimental design before and after the non-equivalence control group. The participants were 32 patients with schizophrenia (experimental group:16, control group:16). There were 16 schizophrenias in the experimental group and 16 schizophrenia in the control group. The emotional intelligence promotion program was conducted in 12 session for 6 weeks. Collected data was analyzed with SPSS/WIN by using descriptive statistics, normality test, x2-test, Fisher's Exact test, paired t-test, Repeated measure ANOVA and Independent t-test. Results: There were statistically significant differences in emotional intelligence, interpersonal relations, and social behavior between the experimental group and the control group. Conclusion: Since the program developed in this study has been tested to improve emotional intelligence, interpersonal relations, and social behavior of schizophrenia, it is expected to be widely used in clinical and community practice.