Background Many investigators are interested in the variation of protein electrophoretic fractions in serum of liver and kidney disease patients. Kindmark et al.(1976) demonstrated that the serum protein electrophoretic patterns are varied in liver and kidney disease. Alder et al. (1997) also reported that hyperglycemia can damage the function of liver and kidney. So we tried to verify the effect of hyperglycemia on liver and kidney disease. Methods For getting good results, we determined the concentration of glucose in serum and made a patient group (N=162) with hyperglycemia above 150mg% of glucose in serum. We did protein electrophoresis in patients` serum by cellulose acetate membrane method and then compared the concentration of each fraction to reference fractions. Results The concentrations of total protein, albumin, α1-globulin, α2-globulin, β-globulin and γ-globulin in sera of patients were 6.3±1.2 g%, 40.3±6.4%, 4.9±2.3%, 13.5±3.8%, 15.5±3.9%, and 25.9±5.8%, respectively. The frequency of patients who showed lower level of total protein, albumin, α1-globulin was 48.5%, 96.4%, and 33.7%. The frequency of patients who showed higher levels of α2-globulin, β-globulin, and γ-globulin was 56.6%, 47.0%, and 90.4%, respectively. Conclusion These data suggest that the high concentration of glucose in blood can damage kidney and liver. Also, decrease of albumin and α1-globulin and increase of α2-globulin, β-globulin and γ-globulin shows that the concentration of glucose in blood will effect the variation of serum protein electrophoretic patterns. So, the variation of serum protein fractions in hyperglycemia patients` serum are useful to understand liver disease and kidney disease.