Purpose: This study is a descriptive survey that aims to understand the effects of marital adjustment, marital communication, and mental health of couples undergoing in vitro fertilization (representative assisted reproductive technology, ART) on pregnancy outcomes to provide basic information for developing nursing interventions to improve ART pregnancy outcomes. Methods: The research protocol included obtaining informed consent from participants, and data collection took place from March 2 to April 30, 2020. A structured questionnaire was used to measure the study variables. SPSS 26.0 software was utilized to analyze the data, including descriptive statistics, t-test, ANOVA, Scheffe's test, Pearson's correlation coefficient, and hierarchical logistic regression. Results: For women, age, income level, and paranoia had significant effects on ART pregnancy outcomes; for men, age and somatization showed influence. Conclusion: This study suggests that couples undergoing ART should be provided appropriate nursing care, and that age, income level, and marriage duration of a couple, as well as the mental health of both partners, should be considered in efforts to improve the ART pregnancy rate. Furthermore, development and application of nursing intervention programs for promoting mental health among ART patients are needed, including those for paranoia in women and somatization in men.

Purpose: This study examined factors influencing glycemic control among type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) patients using data from the seventh Korea National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey. Methods: The subjects were 1,459 patients aged 30 years and older who with T2DM. The subjects were divided into three groups according to glycated hemoglobin A (HbA1c) values: good glycemic control group (good GCG, HbA1c<7%), insufficient GCG (7≤HbA1c< 8%), and poor GCG (8%≥HbA1c). Univariate multiple multinomial logistic regression was used. Results: The patients were distributed as follows: 52.7%, good GCG; 28.4%, insufficient GCG; and 18.9%, poor GCG. In the insufficient GCG, DM duration was a significant factor influencing glycemic control in T2DM. In the poor GCG, age, DM duration, hypertriglyceridemia, waist circumference and muscular exercise were significant factors influencing glycemic control in T2DM. Conclusion: Strategies for insufficient glycemic control should include intensive glucose control interventions for patients with a DM duration over 5 years. Strategies for poor glycemic control should include intensive glucose control interventions for younger age groups, those with a DM duration >1 year, and those with hypertriglyceridemia. In addition, nursing interventions for weight loss and muscular exercise are needed.

Purpose: This study aimed to identify the relationships between patient safety culture perception and patient safety care activities, and address the factors influencing patient safety care activities. Methods: Participants comprised 247 nurses working at three general hospitals located in the Changwon, South Korea area. Self-questionnaires were used to collect the data, and were administered between January 25 and 31, 2018. Data were analyzed using descriptive statistics, t-tests, Pearson's correlation coefficients, and multiple regression analysis with SPSS/WIN 21.0 software. Results: There were significant positive relationships between patient safety culture perception and patient safety care activities (r=.57, p<.001). Factors influencing patient safety care activities among the participants were identified as patient safety knowledge and attitude (β=.20, ρ=.006), working in a non-punitive environment (β=.18, ρ=.007), and age (β=.15, ρ=.040). The explanation power of the regression model was 35.8%. Conclusion: The results suggest that to enhance patient safety care activities, it is necessary to improve nursing education concerning patient safety knowledge and attitude, especially considering age. In addition, a nurses will benefit from working in a non-punitive environment.

Purpose: The purpose of this study was to analyze simulation practice studies centered on pediatric nursing for nursing students using a scoping review. Methods: This scoping review was performed in five stages: (1) identify the research question, (2) identify relevant studies, (3) select proper studies, (4) chart the data, (5) collate, analyze, and report the results. Literature search from 2016 to 2021 was performed at the Research Information Sharing Service (RISS) of the Korean studies Information Service System (KISS) and at the National Assembly Library. Results: A total of 14 studies were selected. Most of the simulation practice studies were conducted using a simulator, standard patient (SP), or virtual simulation (vSIM), and the topics were mainly gastrointestinal diseases, respiratory diseases, and care of high-risk neonates. Most of the studies aimed to identify the effects of simulation practice on clinical performance ability, problem solving ability, critical thinking disposition, and self-efficacy. However, many studies have shown conflicting results. Conclusion: The results of this study provide evidence for the need to develop various content scenarios to increase the effectiveness of simulation practice education. Also, there is need for an objective outcome variable that can demonstrate the educational effect of simulation practice and to conduct ample research.

Purpose: This study was conducted to investigate the influence of verbal abuse, sexual harassment, and self-esteem of nurses in a municipal hospital (NMH) on turnover intention. Methods: Data were collected from 200 nurses who worked at a municipal hospital in Seoul. Structured questionnaires were used to assess variables. Collected data were analyzed using SPSS/WIN 25.0, with t-test, ANOVA, Pearson's correlation, and hierarchical regression. Results: Turnover intention was significantly correlated with verbal abuse (r=.30, p<.001), sexual harassment (r=.19, p=.008), and self-esteem (r=-.21, p=.002). The factors that influenced turnover intention were verbal abuse (ß=.03, p=.005), self-esteem (ß=-.21, p=.013), and work in the medical ward (ß=.44, p=.012). The explanatory power of the regression model was 13.2% (F=6.025, p<.001). Conclusion: The findings indicate the need to enhance self-esteem of NMH and to establish coping protocols and a support system for nurse victims of verbal abuse and sexual harassment to decrease turnover intention.

Purpose: This study aimed to examine the mediating effect of smartphone addiction in the relationship between basic psychological needs and learning flow of university students during the COVID-19 pandemic. Methods: Participants comprised 170 university students, and data were collected from web surveys conducted from June 30 to July 10, 2021. Data were analyzed using Pearson's correlation coefficients, multiple regression analysis, and a Sobel test with SPSS/WN 23.0 software. In order to verify the mediating effect, hierarchical regression analysis and the Sobel test were conducted. Results: There was a positive correlation between learning flow and basic psychological needs (r=.67, p<.001). Smartphone addiction was negatively correlated with learning flow (r=-.24, p=.002) and basic psychological needs (autonomy; r=-.25, p=001, relatedness; r=-.18, p=021, competence; r=-.31, p<.001). Smartphone addiction had a partial mediating effect between relatedness and learning flow. Conclusion: The results suggest that to increase learning flow, strategies to meet basic psychological needs and reduce smartphone addiction should be provided to learners during the COVID-19 pandemic.