The purpose of this study is to analysis the recognition of mothers on infant play. For this, 139 mothers enrolled in day care centers in K-city participated in completing metaphor and to analysis by using Moser(2020)'s analysis methods, As a result of the analysis, the metaphor play of mothers were categorized into 4 parts of essence of play, function of play, play and emotion, play and environment. Mothers illustrated the essential meaning of play such as instinct and freedom through metaphors of voting rights and fish, and displayed an understanding of development, preparation, communication, and healing through expressions such as sketches on drawing paper, saving accounts, connection links and nutritional supplements. In addition, they showed an understanding of the relationship between play and emotion through expressions such as a room of thought and paintings of an artists while also showing awareness of environmental factors which support play by using metaphors of the universe and balloons. Based on the results, some ways, including such like sharing information on infant play, providing parent education, and creating an environment that respects infant plays, were discussed to improving parents' recognition on infant play.

The purpose of this study was to analyze the process of child-centered play therapy for three preschoolers with separation anxiety qualitatively and it's effect quantitatively. The procedure of this study was as follows: First, we conducted a separation anxiety test for 400 preschoolers who enrolled in daycare centers and kindergartens at B city and selected three preschoolers who showed high separation anxiety scores as participants with parental consent. Second, we conducted a psychological evaluation. Third, we conducted child-centered play therapy. Fourth, we conducted a separation anxiety test again after terminating therapy. Fifth, we analyzed qualitative data using Yin(2013)'s five-step circulation process and quantitative data using t-test. Results of analyses showed that child-centered play therapy was effective and three preschoolers' separation anxiety was resolved. This study is meaningful in terms of providing therapists who treat preschoolers who show high separation anxiety with presenting experiential information using various examples of successful therapeutic changes.

The purpose of this study is to understand the multiple adverse experiences of children and adolescents, and to examine the relationship between emotional and behavioral problems and school life. The subjects of this study were 9,008 children and adolescents participated in the 2017 panel survey. Results of the study First, 68.0% of elementary school students reported at least one negative experience, 68.6% of middle school students, and 63.4% of high school students. Second, they were classified into a no experience group, a single experience group, and a multiple experience group. Third, the emotional and behavioral problems and differences in school life by group, it was found that the multiple experiences group had the highest levels of depression and stress, experienced more running away, and had more suicidal thoughts. Fourth, the more emotional and behavioral problems, it belongs to a multiple group. Based on these results, the significance and limitations of this study were discussed.

This study aims to examine the moderating effects of father's parenting behavior on the effects of mother depression on child problem behavior.
The study sample was 1466 elementary schools first graders (740 boys, 706 girls) who had participated in the eighth wave of the Panel Study on Korean Children (PSKC). For this, it carried out questionnaires, which was composed of mother depression scale, child behavior checklist and father parenting behavior scale. The data were analyzed using Pearson's correlations and regression analysis with SPSS 18.0.
The results are as follows. First, mother's depression and father's parenting behavior had a significant correlation on child problem behavior. Second, mother's depression is predicting variables for child problem behavior. Third, father's strict parenting behavior had moderating effects in mother's depression on child problem behavior.
These results add to a better understanding of the mechanism linking mother depression and father parenting behavior on children's problem behavior. These findings can serve as an important contribution to future research and practices for reducing children's problem behavior.

The purpose of this study is to investigate the effects of a play therapy program for improving self-expression on the improvement of self-expression in non-disabled children that have siblings with developmental disabilities. The subjects of this study are non-disabled children between the ages of 8 and 10 who have siblings with developmental disabilities with low self-expression. The play therapy program to improve self-expression was conducted twice a week, 10 sessions of 60 minutes each. The results of this study are: first, the play therapy program for improving self-expression improved the self-expression scale score of the study subjects, and second, the frequency of self-expression behavior increased, and passive and aggressive behavior decreased. Though it is hard to generalize this study with a short-term program and few case studies, this study is significant in that it showed that the play therapy program for improving self-expression improved self-expression in non-disabled children that have siblings with developmental disabilities.

The purpose of this study is to investigate whether the group game play therapy program changes the sociality of children with intellectual disabilities. The subjects of this study were 3 children in grades 1 and 2 who were diagnosed with intellectual disability using the K center located in D city. The group game play therapy program was conducted twice a week for a total of 12 sessions for 6 weeks. In order to find out the change in sociality, the sociality scale was measured and compared before and after. In order to examine the changes in children's social behavior, the changes in social behaviors of children with intellectual disabilities within the group were measured every 10 sessions except for the 1st and 12th sessions of the group game play therapy program. The results of this study are as follows. First, the group game play therapy program improved the sociality scale scores of children with intellectual disabilities. Second, the group game play therapy program increased the number of occurrences of social behavior in children with intellectual disabilities. This study suggests the usefulness of the group game play therapy program in showing positive changes in the sociality of children with intellectual disabilities. However, as a small case experimental study targeting three children with intellectual disabilities, there is a limit of generalizing the research results.

The purpose of this study was to identify difficulties in addressing problem behavior of school-age children and to help them and their family members understand family functions, communication methods, and draw new solutions through family play therapy programs. The results of this study are as follows: First, the program has 13 sessions in total, and each session have 3 sections: relaxation play, therapy activities, and feedback sharing, and conducted once a week, for 60 minutes. Second, the family play therapy program developed in this study helped improve the problem behavior of school-age children by participating not only in school-age children, but also in the whole family including parents and siblings. Third, This program improved marital intimacy through marital emotional support stage activities for participating parents, and brought about positive changes in the perception of the role of parents and family function. This study is especially meaningful in that at a time in which there are few studies using similar methods, a practical program enabling a whole family to participate in helping their school-age children with problem behavior was developed and effectively applied.