This paper is to analyze the North Korea's nuclear strategy and posture. This study shares view that Pyongyang's pursuit of tactical nuclear capabilities indicates significant changes to have taken place in its nuclear strategy and posture in terms of deterrence and/or warfighting. In this article I will argue that North Korea will likely evolve a mixed nuclear posture that combines an assured retaliation posture and an asymmetric escalation posture by securing additional nuclear capabilities. Ultimately, North Korea's tactical nuclear capability is expected to accelerate its shift toward a more aggressive nuclear posture. Moreover, the new tactical nuclear capability will contribute to North Korea's definitive victory by ensuring a conventional-nuclear integration strategy.

Wartime OPCON transfer is a central theme of the transformation of the ROK-U.S. combined defense system. ROK and U.S. agreed to Wartime OPCON transfer in 2007, but are currently in progress without completing it. ROK-U.S. combined defense system after Wartime OPCON transfer is to maintain the current ROK JCS-CFC system, but appoint the commander of CFC as a Korean four-star general. The purpose of this paper is to analyze the problems of Future CFC and to present solutions.
Future CFC System has problems such as the dualization of the current ROK JCS-CFC System, the inefficiency of the Korean military command structure, the reversal of authority between the future CFC commander and deputy-commander. Measures to address these problems include the strategic approach to wartime OPCON transfer, the establishment of the ROK Joint Force Command, the coordination of PMC status and representation of South Korea Armed Forces of PMC, the location of the integration of Future CFC into ROK Joint Force Command, the granting of authority at peacetime to U.S. troops to reinforce in case of emergency, abolition of the CODA.

It has already been more than 70 years since the Korean War broke out on June 25, 1950. The experience in the Korean War needs to be reevaluated both historically and legally, and transformed into a “remembered war” rather than a “forgotten war”. But in terms of international law, it would not be appropriate to evaluate the Korean War "remembered" to us purely by today's legal standards. After the conclusion of the Armistice Agreement in Korea on July 27, 1953, about 70 years have passed, and international humanitarian law has undergone significant changes. Accordingly, this paper comprehensively evaluates the practice of the Korean War in light of the international humanitarian law at the time, and derives certain implications from the current perspective, considering the changes in the international humanitarian law after the Korean War and its development trend.

Currently developing artificial intelligence(AI) and autonomous systems(AS) predict another revolutionary changes in military affairs. Innovation of AI technologies based on high level of computing power, big data, and deep learning ushers us to new intelligentized war beyond current informatized war. In the upcoming age of AI, military should understand the new form of war based on AI/AS and define proper concept to exploit such new technologies. By doing so, military can discern weapon systems that should be developed with priority, and reform exiting organizations to employ AI based weapon systems effectively. This article will examine the characteristics of intelligentized war comparing with informatized war, and identify the concept of 'command of the intelligence' which would be the decisive factor for winning the future war. Also, this article will suggest that, for intelligence superiority, military should build intelligent joint battlefield network architecture, and have capabilities to perform various types of 'intelligent warfare' to defend our architecture and attack enemies'.

The purpose of this article is to examine how to establish a practical defense system against the ever-expanding cyber threats, focusing on the concept of total force used by the U.S. military. In particular, as cyberspace is growing in risk to the extent that it is called the fifth battlefield after land, sea, and space, in order to establish an all-out security posture, it is necessary to restructure reserve forces that have remained in support-oriented auxiliary resources. As an improvement direction, the introduction of a permanent power system for reserve forces in the field of cyber defense, which introduced the concept of the U.S. all-out policy, and the establishment of practical training programs necessary for cyber operations were suggested. Reserve power needs to be effectively re-established and rearranged in a large framework of security strategies, and should be further strengthened to cope with the cyber war expanding in the era of digital transformation.

This study examined the mediating effect of cognitive trust felt by followers in the relationship between leader's self-promotion and leadership effectiveness, and the moderated mediating effect of leaders' humility as leader characteristics. A survey of 253 soldiers below the rank of Army Major found that the leader's self-promotion had a significant relationship with leadership effectiveness, and that the leader's humility moderated the leader's self-promotion and leadership effectiveness mediated by cognitive trust. Results and theoretical and practical implications of this study were discussed.