Purpose The purpose of this study is to analyze the technology convergence and its characteristics, focusing on the rechargeable battery in South Korea.
Methods By utilizing domestic patents on rechargeable battery from 1999~2017, Social Network Analysis(SNA) has been applied to co-occurrence networks of International Patent Classification (IPC) codes. In addition to the network analysis, a cognitive map approach has been applied to better understand the characteristics of technology convergence in rechargeable battery area.
Results As a result, this study shows that, during the period, convergence of technologies has been strengthened with a few central technologies. In addition, the cognitive map shows network cohesion has been particularity strengthened in chemistry and electricity areas. The characteristics of convergence has also changed as the time progressed.
Conclusion This study showed the changes and characteristics of technology networks of convergence R&D in rechargeable battery. The results of this study are expected to be used as a guideline for predicting research trends in rechargeable battery.

Purpose This study suggests a patent-based approach to identify core information and communication technologies(ICTs) in green ICT innovation.
Methods First, patent co-classification analysis is applied to the collected green ICT patents for constructing co-classification matrix. Second, patent-based cross-impact analysis is used to the collected green ICT patents for composing cross-impact matrix. Finally, the analytical network process is employed to the constructed matrices for determining the priority values of ICTs, considering direct and indirect relationship among technologies.
Results High speed computing, other related technique, and digital communication technique are identified to be core ICTs in green ICT innovation.
Conclusion The suggested approach can be utilized for both technology planning and policy making for green ICT innovation.

Purpose In sports, clubs or players must have the high level of athletic performance in order to gain public attention and love. This study evaluates the athletic performance of professional football clubs based on efficiency targeting 22 Korean professional football clubs in 2020(K-League 1, K-League 2).
Methods A DEA(Data Envelopment Analysis) model is used to evaluate the athletic performance. Budget and number of players were selected as input variables, and victory points, difference in gains and losses, and ball possession were selected as output variables. Data was collected through the Korea Professional Football Federation, K-League data center, and sports data-related websites.
Results As a result of evaluating the performance of each league based on efficiency using DEA model, Gangwon FC and Sangju Sangmu FC were selected as the best teams in K League 1, and Bucheon FC 1995 and Seoul E-Land FC in K League 2. In addition, as a result of evaluating the performance between all clubs, Suwon FC was evaluated as the best team and Incheon United FC as the club with the lowest performance.
Conclusion Through this method, it will be possible to induce competition between professional soccer clubs and maximize their athletic performance.

Purpose Blockchain technology is becoming important in the fourth industrial revolution, but standardization of technologies is not keeping up with the pace. Therefore, this paper focused on defining what blochchain technology is, and analyzed technological trends using redefined concepts.
Methods This research conducted a technical redefining process for blockchain technology, and suggested three types of blockchain technology: core, extended, and general. We used patent co-classification and network analysis for each technology groups.
Results Blockchain technology has been evolved from network-based technology to the data privacy and payment-application, recently focusing on data applications. Machine learning technology is actively applied, and many different industries such as healthcare applications also turned out to be increasing with respect to the blockchain technology.
Conclusion This study provide important clues in defining the blockchain technology, analyzing the technological trend, and identifying possible innovation chances in blockchain technologies.

Purpose This study is about to establish standards for process design and operation of procurement auction, which is one of the ways to effectively determine the price with the vendor in the procurement.
Methods The method of research was selected as a case company in which various forms of procurement are carried out. In the process design of procurement auction, We derived from RCA method how to improve the constraints for evaluating multiple attributes. In order to establish the operating standards for procurement auction, 720 cases of approximately 3.5 years were tested through statistical analysis and based on this, the operating standards for procurement auctions were proposed.
Results This study shows, The design of the procurement auction using Fishbone Diagram was able to expand the bid by mitigating the avoidance factor of multi-attribute evaluation, and the results of completion inspection can be analyzed to confirm its. Procurement auction is an advantageous method of price determination compared to negotiated pricing in cases where the order amount is large and it is difficult for the person in charge to calculate the expected price. An analysis of the winning price of new companies showed that new companies are challengingly offering prices and that such competitiveness continues for two to three years. In addition, it was analyzed that the bid reaches a stable and reliable bid price when there are more than four bidders participants.
Conclusion The results illustrate, this study proposed a multi-attribute assessment process design method for procurement auction and defined criteria that could be effective in bidding operation, such as number of participants, sourcing new companies, and improving expected price estimation capability.

Purpose The purpose of this study is to present what elements are necessary to increase loyalty intentions from the integrated perspective of UTAUT, VAM, SERVQUAL models in order to examine the effects of intentions to accept new technologies and the service quality of delivery apps on the perceived value and loyalty intentions in analyzing the delivery app market, which is rapidly growing in the food delivery order market.
Methods A total of 243 samples were obtained from consumers who had used delivery apps through a Google online questionaire survey, and IBM SPSS 26 was used for statistical testing. In order to test the study hypotheses, a three-step mediated regression analysis was performed for a multiple regression analysis and a mediated effect analysis.
Results First, it was found that effort expectancy, personal innovativeness, and social influence had significant effects on perceived value. Second, effort expectancy, personal innovativeness, and social influence were shown to have significant effects on loyalty intentions. Third, responsiveness, ease of use, and reliability were found to have significant effects on perceived value. Fourth, ease of use and reliability were found to have significant effects on loyalty intention, but responsiveness was shown to have no significant effect on loyalty intentions. Fifth, perceived value was found to have significant effects on loyalty intentions, and finally, perceived value was shown to have no mediating effect among technology acceptance, service quality, and loyalty intentions.
Conclusion Along with discussions on how users will actively accept and use the delivery app services using new information technologies, the organic combination of the simplicity of the ordering process, the security of personal information, and the reliability given by system stability will lead to more positive perceived value consisting of benefits and pleasure so that the customers who currently use delivery app services can be secured as long-term loyal customers who intend to use the services more consistently.

Purpose Among the costs incurred by operating a logistics center, shipping costs vary depending on changes in international oil prices, development of vehicle technology, and optimization of delivery routes. As a result, they suggest ways to reduce shipping costs.
Methods In this work, we propose a study that provides a delivery network design that can be considered in the design of a real delivery network by deriving an optimal solution that satisfies the objective function through genetic algorithms.
Results The experimental results showed that the increase in operating resource t is highly correlated with operating cost and CSL. As the increase in operating resource t decreases the trend of CSL growth, the establishment of operating resource to maintain CSL 100% is very inefficient.
Conclusion For companies considering changes in logistics network design and operation resources, it was important to establish mid-term or long-term business plan targets for companies and to find and make decisions where logistics operating costs and CSLs conflict to an appropriate level.

Purpose For the purpose of this study is to clarify the effect of financial support system and positive psychological capital causing startup failure's re-startup intention mediated by entrepreneurship
Methods The research method was implemented empirical analysis through a questionnaire of 200 experienced startup failures, participated in the re-startup support system of government.
Results Result of analysis showed that financial support system and positive psychological capital causes meaningful effect to entrepreneurship, on the other hand it only has mediation effect about re-startup intention through entrepreneurship.
Conclusion startup failure doesn't rush into re-startup recklessly because of receiving financial support or positive psychological capital when he attempts it, various institutional support should be done simultaneously in order to enhance entrepreneurship.

Purpose This study systematically reviewed artificial intelligence marketing papers published in domestic journals, and suggested trends, implications, and future studies of domestic AI marketing research.
Methods From 1996 to 2020, 36 AI marketing papers were reviewed as follows. First, the overall research trend of AI marketing was investigated through various classification methods such as year, academic journal, industry type, college, and research method. Second, the research topics related to artificial intelligence marketing were classified into 10 fields, and the trends of AI marketing research in Korea were analyzed.
Results As a result of the analysis, after the Go match between AlphaGo and Lee Se-dol, AI marketing research has rapidly increased, but most of them have been reported in a small number of related journals, and research has been focused on the University of Business and Engineering. In addition, while overseas research is active not only in B2B but also in the field of B2C marketing, most of it in Korea has been studied only in the field of B2C marketing.
Conclusion Although domestic AI marketing research has recently attracted attention, it is only an repeated test for the concept and theory of overseas preceding research. Therefore, a theoretical approach is needed to increase the diversity and activation of marketing research in domestic AI marketing research.