This study aims to estimate economic effects about Black-barley beverage known as a good example of R&BD. R&BD, which can reduce the burden of market development and generate new income of farmers, is drawing attention. We estimates the economic effects of black-barley beverage by farm management and input-output analysis. Income of 'Huknuri' is 30,963 won higher and 'Heuksoojeongchal' is 46,086 won higher than a conventional farm. The economic effect which are inducement effect of production and job were caused by increase in sales of black-barley beverage. In demand-driven side, the effect of production inducement is estimated to be 369.3 billion won, and the effect of job inducement is estimated to be 1,783 people in scenario. In scenario II, the effect of production inducement is 599.9 billion won, and the effect of job inducement is 2,896 people. In supply-driven side, the effect of production inducement is estimated to be 11.2 billion won, and the effect of job inducement is estimated to be 178 people in scenario. In scenario II, the effect of production inducement is 18.2 billion won, and the effect of job inducement is 289 people. As a result, this study confirmed that new varieties linked to processed products caused spill-over-effect on various industries and would provid stable sales channels for farmers.

The purpose of this study is to investigate asymmetric price transmission(APT) between wholesale and retail prices of tangerine considering structural changes from 2003 to 2021 in Korea. The APT test results show that asymmetry appeared in the tangerine market, but the test results are different depending on hypothesis types and periods. These results suggest that the tangerine market is not perfectly competitive and that the types of APT changed during the sample period.

This study is conducted to analyze the effects and factors of COVID-19 on the agri-food sales of Nonghyup TV home shopping. For the analysis, agri-food sales data of Nonghyup TV Home Shopping from 2019 to 2020 are used. Difference in Difference(DID) analysis is used by including various factors affecting the sales of TV home shopping as control variables. The results show that there is an impact of COVID-19. It is found that the average sales per broadcast increased by about 17.79 million after COVID-19. The influence of the control variable is found to be higher in autumn and winter than in spring and on Tuesday and weekend than on Monday. As the broadcasting time increased, the sales increased and the sales of morning, afternoon, and evening broadcasts are higher than that of dawn. Additionally, the sales of live broadcasts are higher than that of reruns. On the other hand, there is a difference in the influence of the control variable depending to the item. An efficient broadcast organization strategy and operational efficiency measures of Nonghyup agri-food are presented.

The purpose of this study is to practically analyze the asymmetric price transmission between grain import prices and processed grain product prices by distribution channels. Also, if there is an asymmetric price transition, to check what type of price asymmetry exists. To verify the stability of the linear combination, unit root by ADF(Augmented Dickey-fuller) and cointegration test by Johansen method were performed. Using the Autoregressive Distributed Lag Model(ARDL) method, the Granger causal relationship and asymmetric price transfer were verified.
The results of the analysis of wheat flour show an asymmetric price transfer between the import price and the retail price. The soybean price showed that the price transmission between grocery store imports and retail prices was asymmetric with simultaneous influence(COIA) and cumulative effect(CULA), but it is not meaningful because the proportion of grocery stores in the entire distribution channel is low. The flour analysis show that price transmission between imports and retail prices at wholesale marts has asymmetric positive variance lag effect(DLEA) and cumulative effect(CULA) asymmetry, and retail prices at super supermarkets have positive variance lag effect(DLEA) was significantly
The grain processing market is a monopoly market in which the 2nd and 3rd largest companies have the largest market share and power. This market dominance could be a major cause of asymmetric price transfer. This means that the grain market is not operating efficiently. In short, government policies are needed to enhance the competitiveness of the grain market and alleviate monopoly structure. In addition, the government should regulate the occurrence of unreasonable price fixing by major grain companies and take necessary measures so that market efficiency and consumer benefits are not infringed.