This thesis aims to explore Ralph Waldo Emerson’s notion of science through ‘American Scholar’ as a Poet-Scientist. 19th century had not witnessed yet the distinct separation between science and the humanities. Romantic poets believed science could be an efficient tool to help poets approach the fundamental principles of the world and understand God’s design by discovering natural facts. Under the influence of Romantic science, Emerson tried to find a way to integrate ‘two cultures’, science and the humanities. He was inspired by the visual image of wholeness in Natural History Museum in Paris. He suggested classification was the basic and foremost steps for scientific recognition of the world, but thought it was insufficient to achieve integrated insights and needed to be complemented by poets’ power of imagination to penetrate the essence of things. Poets can find relationships and similarities hidden in natural objects by using metaphor, but they are also required to be assisted by scientific accuracy. Therefore, the Poet-Scientist is Emerson’s ideal exemplar of a scholar. Emerson hoped American Scholar to be an integrated intellectual to discover a principle for wholeness and oneness. His view of science deserves to be shedded new light as an early attempt for consilience.