제주말의 혈통보존을 위한 기초자료를 마련할 목적으로 국내에서 사육중인 제주말 102두를 대상으로 적혈구항원형 및 혈액단백질형의 유전적 다형성을 조사한 결과는 다음과 같다. 적혈구항원형의 표현형 빈도는 Aaf 28두(27.45%), Ca 101두(99.02%), K- 99두(97.06%), Ua 64두(62.75%), Pb 37두(36.27%), Qc 48두(47.06%)에서 높은 빈도를 나타냈으며, D시스템의 31개의 대립유전자 중 Dcgm/dghm 14두(13.73%), Dadn/cgm 10두(9.80%), Dad/cgm 9두(8.82%), Ddghm/dghm 8두(7.84%), Dcgm/cgm 8두(7.84%)에서 높은 빈도의 유전자형이 관찰되었다. 또한 null allele로 추정되는 Dad/c(e)fgm, Dadn/c(e)fgm, Dc(e)fgm/dghm 대립유전자가 4두에서 관찰되었다. 혈액단백질형은 ALB 49두(48.04%), GCF 101두(99.02%), A1BK 99두(97.06%), ESFI 37두(36.27%), TFF2 26두(25.49%), HBB1 46두(45.10%), PGDF 88두(86.27%)로 높은 빈도를 보였으며, HBA2B1 4두(3.92%), HBAB1 2두(1.96%), HBAB2 1두(0.98%), PGDD 1두(0.98%)가 특이하게 관찰되었다. 유전자 빈도는 Aaf(0.3726), Ac(0.2647), C-(0.5050), K-(0.9853), U-(0.6863), Pb(0.4657), Qc(0.5294), Dcgm(0.3039), HBB1(0.6863), PGDF(0.9265), ALB (0.6912), A1BK(0.9852), GCF(0.9950), ESI(0.5000), TFF2(0.4950) 대립유전자가 가장 높은 빈도를 나타내었고 Dcgm(f)(0.0196), HBA(0.0147), HBA2(0.0196), ESG(0.0441), ESH(0.0098), TFE (0.0246), TFH2(0.0049), PGDD(0.0098)의 대립유전자가 제주말에서 특이하게 관찰되었다. 결론적으로 혈액형에 의한 제주말의 유전적 다형은 Aaf, Ac, C-, K-, U-, Pb, Qc, Dcgm, Ddghm, Dadn, HBB1, PGDF, ALB, A1BK, GCF, ESI, TFF2 대립유전자의 빈도가 비교적 높은 것으로 관찰되었고 Aab, Aabf, Dcgm(f) (Dcfg(k)m 혹은 Dc(e)fgm), HBA, HBA2, ESG, ESH, TFE, TFH2, PGDD의 대립유전자가 제주말에서 특이하게 관찰되었다.

The present study was carried out to investigate the blood markers of Jeju horses. The redcell types (blood groups) and blood protein types (biochemical polymorphisms) were tested from 102 Jeju horses by serological and electrophoretic procedure, and their phenotypes and gene frequencies were estimated. The blood group and biochemical polymorphism phenotypes observed with high frequency were Aaf (27.45%), Ca (99.02%), K- (97.06%), Ua (62.75%), Pb (36.27%), Qc (47.06%), Dcgm/dghm (13.73%), Dadn/cgm (9.80%), Dad/cgm (8.82%), Ddghm/dghm (7.84%), Dcgm/cgm (7.84%), ALB (48.04%), GCF (99.02%), A1BK (97.06%), ESFI (36.27%), TFF2 (25.49%), HBB1 (45.10%) and PGDF (86.27%) in Jeju horses, respectively. Alleles observed with high gene frequency were Aaf (0.3726), Ac (0.2647), C- (0.5050), K- (0.9853), U- (0.6863), Pb (0.4657), Qc (0.5294), Dcgm (0.3039), HBB1 (0.6863), PGDF (0.9265), ALB (0.6912), A1BK (0.9852), GCF (0.9950), ESI (0.5000) and TFF2 (0.4950) in Jeju horses, and specific alleles, Dcgm(f) (0.0196), HBA (0.0147), HBA2 (0.0196), ESG (0.0441), ESH (0.0098), TFE (0.0246), TFH2 (0.0049) and PGDD (0.0098) were detected in Jeju horses. These preliminary results present basic information for detecting the genetic markers in Jeju horse, and developing a system for parentage verification and individuals identification in Jeju horses.