부지약관이란 선하증권 상에 운송물의 내용, 중량, 품질 등에 관하여 운송인은 알지 못한다는 취지를 기재한 약관을 말한다. 영국에서는 이러한 부지약관의 효력을 인정하여 선하증권의 문언적 효력을 배제하는 것이 확립된 판례의 입장이다. 우리 법상으로도 컨테이너 화물 등 운송인이 그 내용을 알기 어려운 화물에 한하여 부지약관의 효력을 영국 판례와 동일하게 해석해야 할 것이다. 한편 부지약관이 기재된 선하증권의 경우 운송인은 선하증권에 기재된 포장이나 선적단위 수가 아니라 실제로 선적된 포장이나 선적단위 수에 따라 포장단위당 책임제한을 할 수 있다고 보아야 할 것이다.

The theory of liver by Jang suk-sun(張錫純) is that first, although liver exists at right side of body and spleen at left anatomically, function of liver presents at left side of body and function of spleen at right based on principle of ‘interdependence between eum and yang’ and ‘join strength with elasticity’, and in the relation between liver and spleen, if gi of spleen ascends , gi of liver also ascends , and if gi of stomach descents, gi of gall bladder also descents. So. care of spleen and stomach becomes main point in treating disease of liver. The meaning of ‘the liver being in charge of the evaporation’(肝主氣化) is that first, it raises the primordial gi and forms the ‘great gi’ for it's circulation of whole body. Second, it excretes the functional activity of gi and connects heart with kidney and guides the evaporation of the whole body by connecting innate nature with acquired nature. Third, ‘the liver being in charge of the evaporation’ is realized by the help of spleen and stomach. And he said that this functional activity of gi is one of distinctive features that distinguish Oriental medicine from Western medicine. He discoursed upon physiology of ‘the liver being in charge of the evaporation’ and ‘the Body belonged to yin and the Use belonged to yang’ after seeing an evil of abusing drugs that calm the liver and check hyperfunction of liver by contemporary doctors. And he established a treat of ‘warming and recuperating the gi of liver’(溫補肝氣法) and used it for symptoms of ‘deficiency of liver-gi’(肝氣虛), ‘exhaution of liver-gi’(肝氣脫), and ‘the liver-cold’(肝寒證).