1, The larvea of the superfamily Curculionoidae inhabiting in Japan are described and illustrated including six families, 80 genera and l27 species. 2. The descriptions are based on the external morphology including some new interpretations on the body areas from the study of their muscles. 3. Key to families, subfamilies, genera and species are provided for the first time on Japanese weevil larvae. 4. The phylogenetic relationships among families are discussed from both phenetic and cladistic analyses. 5. The possibility for separating the family Attelabidae into two independent families, the Attelabidae of new sense and the Rhynchitidae is suggested. 6. The cladogram showing hypothesized relationships among the families inhabiting in Japan is presented.