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ジビエとハラール:日本産鹿肉のハラール適合性をめぐる一考察
Gibier and Halal : A Study on the Halal Conformity of Japanese Deer Venison
川口小太朗 ( Kawaguchi Kotaro )
DOI 10.35173/NATR.21.2.09

本研究は、日本産鹿肉ジビエがイスラームの規範(ハラール)に適合し得るかを宗教的·制度的観点から総合的に検討したものである。まず、日本のジビエ制度や狩猟·止め刺し方法の実態を整理し、流通や処理体制の課題を明らかにした。次に、クルアーンやハディースに見られる屠殺規定を参照し、現代のファトワーを踏まえて鹿肉や狩猟肉の合法性を分析した。その結果、頸部切断や唱名の要件を満たす場合には適合可能である。しかし銃猟や電気処理、心臓·頭部刺突には課題があり、さらに猟師資格や情報管理の不備が大きな制約となっていることが示された。あわせて、マレーシアをはじめ南アフリカ·欧州·中東などの事例を参照し、海外におけるジビエのハラール対応の多様性を確認した。 本研究の主眼はイスラーム規範への適合性の検討にあるが、その成果は副次的に観光資源化や国際展開にも資する可能性を持ち、今後の課題として制度的·実践的基盤の構築が重要であることを指摘した。

This study investigates whether venison from Japanese deer can be considered halal under Islamic dietary laws, examining the issue from religious and institutional perspectives. It first outlines Japan’s game meat system, including hunting and killing methods, and highlights challenges in processing and distribution. It then analyzes Qur’anic and Hadith regulations together with contemporary fatwas to clarify the legal conditions for hunted animals, such as the requirement of throat-cutting slaughter and invocation of God’s name by Muslim or People of the Book hunters. A comparison with Japanese practices shows that while killing by knife or spear at the neck can be compatible, hunting by gun or electric stunning, as well as stabbing in the heart or head, poses considerable challenges. Moreover, limitations related to hunter qualifications and the lack of transparent information management were identified as major constraints. The study also refers to overseas cases―including Malaysia, South Africa, Europe, and the Middle East―to highlight the diversity of halal approaches to game meat and to contrast Japan’s still limited framework. While the main focus is on assessing conformity with Islamic dietary norms, the findings suggest that establishing a religiously and institutionally sound foundation for halal game meat in Japan could also contribute, secondarily, to tourism development and international market access.

Ⅰ. Introduction
Ⅱ. The Current State of the Gibier Industry in Japan
Ⅲ. Principles of Animal Consumption in Islam
Ⅳ. Halal Assessment of Japanese Venison Gibier
Ⅴ. Conclusion
References
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