The battery industry is emerging as a critical sector in the transition to clean energy and the enhancement of national energy security. This rapidly evolving industry necessitates a new set of laws and regulations aimed at addressing the overdependence on sourcing critical minerals and increasing production capacities. These legal frameworks will, in turn, significantly impact the supply chain landscape of the battery industry. This article overviews the interplay between the battery industry and international economic laws. It begins by outlining the overall battery supply chain and then discusses the external effects of national laws from the United States, the European Union, and China. Furthermore, it explores the emergence of bilateral norms, including Critical Minerals Agreements, and discusses plurilateral legal arrangements such as the Indo-Pacific Economic Framework and the Mineral Security Partnership, alongside battery-related provisions of the WTO Agreements and WTO dispute cases. These analyses aim to provide a comprehensive understanding of the interaction between the battery industry and international legal frameworks.