Lipid and protein contents in whole soybean seeds have negative correlation (r=-0.693**), however, these components in seed coat showed positive correlation (r=0.746**). Fatty acids in whole soybean seeds were higher in the order of C_18:2>C_18:1>C_16:0>C_18:3>C_18:0, while those of seed coat were higher in the order of C_18:3>C_18:2>C_18:0>C_16:0>C_18:1. The average content of total amino acid in twenty Korean soybean varieties was 38,938. 7 mg/100 g, while that of seed coat was 4,418.4 mg/100g. Glutamic acid showed the highest composition rate (16.4%) in whole soybean seeds, while glycine was the highest in seed coat and their composition rate was 23.8%. The surface of shiny-lustre seed coats was smooth and their pore size was observed smaller than dull-lustre ones. Significant quadratic regression was observed among seed coat lightness, seed coat thickness, protein, lipid, unsaturated fatty acid and crude fiber. Fucose, rhamnose, glucose, mannose, galactose, arabinose and xylose were detected as a neutral mono-saccharides in the seed coats. The arabinose and xylose showed significant correlation with seed coat lightness. The unsaturated fatty acid was significantly correlated with seed coat lightness (r=0.726**). Water absorption rate was low m the thick seed coat varieties, but the rate was high in the shiny seed coat varieties. From the obtained results, it was considered that the thinner and brighter seed coat varieties were much favorable to increase the water absorption rate than thicker and darker seed coat ones.