This experiment was conducted to know the effects of mutagen treatments on callus induction, plant regeneration and their ploidy in the anther culture of wheat. The winter wheat cultivars, “Eunpamil”and “Wonkwang”, were treated at the mid or late-uninucreate stage under 4 different doses (100, 200, 500 and 1, 000 rad.) of X-ray and 3 different levels(0.1, 0.2 and 0.3 mole)of Ethyl Methane Sulphonate. The anthers treated were set on the C₁₇ medium for callus induction, and callus induced was transfered to 1/2 MS medium for plant regeneration. The mutagen treatments inhibited the callus induction but increased the plant regeneration in the callus which were induced from the anther set on the medium for the long time of 60 to 80 days. Also, the chromosome number to the regenerated plant varied largely by increasing of haploid plants (n=3x=21) and by occurring of aneuploidy having n=20 and n=22 of chromosome number.