본 연구의 목적은 노인요양시설 폐업과정에서 나타난 수급자, 종사자, 경영진, 지방정부의 상호작용을 살펴봄으로써 이해관계자 각자의 관점에서 권익보호를 위해 어떠한 정책적 개입이 필요한 지를 살펴보는 데 있다. 이 연구는 2020년 12월부터 2022년 12월 사이 일어난 S시 소재 요양원 폐업과정을 신문기사 등의 2차 자료를 활용하여 살펴본 집중적 사례연구이다. 이해관계자 분석틀을 활용하여 수급자, 종사자, 경영진, 지방정부를 대상으로 이해관계자별 권력, 합법성, 긴급성 속성 보유 여부에 따라 유형화 분석을 수행하였다. 분석결과 폐업과정에서 수급자와 가족, 종사자들은 기관의 경영진에 비교해 행사할 수 있는 영향력과 견제수단이 약하다는 사실이 드러났다. 폐업과정에서 수급자와 가족은 이전계획 수립에 참여할 수 있는 권리보장과 불만표출의 공식적 통로가, 종사자들은 사전통지와 노사 간 협의가, 지방정부는 능동적으로 개입할 법적 권한이 필요함을 시사한다.

The closure of nursing homes, management faces the loss of their business, residents their homes, employees their jobs, and local governments their community infrastructure, leading to potential conflicts among stakeholders. Particularly, residents and employees have limited means to influence management or local government decisions. This study investigates the interactions among stakeholders-nursing home residents and families, employees, management, and local government-during the closure process of a nursing facility to identify the necessary policy interventions for protecting their interests. This intensive case study used secondary data, such as newspaper articles, to analyze a single case of a nursing home closure in S City from December 2020 to December 2022. A stakeholder analysis framework was employed to categorize nursing home residents, employees, management and local government. It evaluates each stakeholder's power, legitimacy, and urgency attributes, categorizing them accordingly and analyzing strategies for achieving checks and balances. The analysis identified nursing home management as the most influential, possessing all three attributes and being categorized as 'decisive' or 'dangerous' stakeholders with power and urgency. In contrast, nursing home residents and their families were identified as the least influential, being 'dependent' stakeholders with only legitimacy and urgency. Employees were under 'dependent' and 'dangerous' categories, while local governments were 'dominant' stakeholders with power and legitimacy. For effective checks and balances, residents and their families require guaranteed participation rights in relocation planning and official complaint channels during the closure process. Employees need formal procedures for advance notice and consultation with management. Local governments must have the legal authority for more rapid and proactive intervention. This study highlights the importance of equitable stakeholder engagement and the need for protective measures to mitigate the impacts of nursing home closures.