This study introduces the transformative impact of advancements in information technologies such as artificial intelligence, the internet, the Internet of Things, big data, and cloud computing on the agricultural sector. It specifically focuses on the significance of smart livestock technology in the labor-intensive domain of livestock farming. The study conducts a comprehensive investigation into the current state and emerging trends of smart livestock technologies, with a particular emphasis on environmental management, specification management, and disease management within the livestock industry. Furthermore, the paper proposes improvements for the future development of smart livestock systems and suggests key technologies for future research in the field.