Allegory, a traditional art form since the Middle Ages and a method of biblical interpretation in medieval Christian theology, became independent as a technique of rhetoric. It was then redefined as a literary and artistic form that encourages the critical reconstruction of political, social, and cultural values and traditions implied by the historicity of the works. It was defined as a way of thinking and writing that reconstructs the meaning of reality from a historical perspective. In medieval Spain, allegorical works in the form of debates that revealed the author's thoughts and beliefs were very popular, and in the 15th century, allegorical works emerged as a new literary and artistic form by containing not only abstract meanings but also realistic contents with historical and social messages of the time, reconstructing reality from a critical perspective. An interesting example of this is La segunda parte de Lazarillo de Tormes, a follow-up to Lazarillo de Tormes published in 1554. In this paper, I intent analyze the creative process of how the cave myth, a long-standing tradition in Western literature, was reinterpreted and transformed to create a new novel genre in La segunda parte de Lazarillo de Tormes(1555) and Don Quixote.