The purpose of this study is to explore the structural relationships among resilience, English-learning motivation, and attitudes in English class on English proficiency of Korean high EFL school students, using structural equation modeling (SEM). A total of 472 high school students in Seoul and Gyeonggi Province participated in the questionnaire study. The result of this study is as follows. The result of SEM indicated that 1) resilience exerted a direct impact on motivation, attitudes, and achievement; 2) motivation showed a direct effect on attitudes and achievement; and 3) attitudes showed a direct effect on achievement. Through the results, it was revealed that resilience has a positive role in overall English learning, which implied that resilience helps students cope with academic difficulties and improves their motivation and/or interest in English. This could lead to positive attitudes toward the English class, resulting in students attaining higher English proficiency.