본 연구의 목적은 양육시설과 공동생활가정 아동 간 심리치료 프로그램의 효과성을 비교하는 것이다. 이를 위하여 2016년부터 2020년까지「아동복지시설 아동 치료ㆍ재활지원 사업」에서 수집된 3,522명의 K-CBCL과 자아존중감 사전-사후 자료를 연구에 활용하였다. 본 연구의 결과를 요약하면 다음과 같다. 첫째, 양육시설과 공동생활가정 아동의 사전 점수를 비교한 결과, 미취학 아동에서는 공동생활가정이 양육시설에 비해 문제행동 총점, 내재화 문제 점수가 높았고 자아존중감 점수는 낮았다. 초등학생에서는 공동생활가정이 양육시설에 비해 문제행동 총점이 높았고, 중고등학생에서는 공동생활가정이 양육시설에 비해 문제행동 총점과 내재화 문제 점수가 높았다. 둘째, 미취학 아동, 초등학생, 중고등학생 모두 양육시설과 공동생활가정 두 집단에 관계없이 치료적 개입후 문제행동 총점, 내재화 문제, 외현화 문제의 점수가 감소하였고, 자아존중감의 점수는 증가하였다. 초등학생은 자아존중감에서만 공동생활가정이 양육시설에 비해 프로그램의 효과가 더 큰 것으로 나타났다. 본 연구에서는 아동복지시설의 대표 유형인 양육시설과 공동생활가정 두 집단에 대한 치료적 개입 후 효과성을 비교했다는 점에서 의의가 있다.

The purpose of this study is to compare the effectiveness of therapy programs in both foster care and group homes. The subjects were used The Pre-Post scores, K-CBCL and the self-esteem data of 3,522 children provided the basis for the data used in this study. These 3,522 children were variously comprised of children in preschool, elementary school, middle and high school; with all of them participating in some form of childcare and rehabilitation support project from 2016 to 2020. The results were as follows: Firstly, as a result of comparing the pre scores of children from foster care and group homes, in the case of preschoolers in group homes indicated that the total problems and internalization levels were higher and self-esteem was lower than those preschoolers in foster care. In the case of elementary school students, in group homes the total problems were higher than for those in foster care. Additionally, in both the middle and high school student groups, it was observed that in group homes the total problems and internalization levels were higher than those students in foster care. Secondly, preschool, elementary school, middle and high school all exhibited decreased scores in terms of total problems, internalization, and externalization, after therapeutic intervention, regardless as to whether the students were in foster care or group homes, and their scores of self-esteem increased. For elementary school students, it was found that group homes were more effective than foster care for improving self-esteem only. This case of study is significant in that compared the effectiveness after therapeutic intervention for the two groups(foster care and group homes), which are highly representative of the types of child welfare facilities in Korea.