Object: The triglyceride glucose (TyG) index, a product of triglyceride and fasting glucose, has been suggested as a marker for insulin resistance; however, few studies have investigated the clinical implication of TyG-related markers that combine obesity markers with TyG index. This study aimed to investigate the association between non-alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) and the TyG-related markers in healthy subjects in Korea. Methods: We enrolled 21,001 asymptomatic participants who underwent hepatic ultrasonography using an ultrasound system during routine health examinations. Homeostasis model assessment of insulin resistance (HOMA-IR), TyG index, TyG-BMI (body mass index), and TyG-WC (waist circumference) were subsequently analyzed. NAFLD was diagnosed by hepatic ultrasonography and was defined by a diffuse increase in echogenicity in comparison with the kidneys. Multiple logistic regression analysis was performed to evaluate the association between quartiles of each parameter and the risk of NAFLD. Results: According to the quartiles of each parameter, the subjects were stratified into four groups. The prevalence of NAFLD increased with the TyG-WC quartile 3.4%, 16.2%, 38.6% and 69.6%, respectively; P <0.001). The increase in quartile-based NAFLD risk was most evident when TyG-WC quartiles were applied; the multivariate-adjusted odds ratios [95% confidence interval (95% CI)] for NAFLD were 4.623 (3.748-5.703), 13.313 (10.748-16.490) and 40.216 (32.127-50.341) in the 2nd, 3rd and 4th TyG-WC quartile groups compared with the lowest quartile. Furthermore, the predictability of TyG-WC for NAFLD was better than the other indices by the area under the curve. Conclusion: The TyG-WC index identifies NAFLD better than other markers of insulin resistance in a healthy Asian population.