This paper is to analyze the relationship between war and existentialism in Stephen Crane’s The Red Badge of Courage and Ernest Hemingway’s A Farewell to Arms. As Crane and Hemingway all share a tragic perception of our life and fate, they are especially sensitive to extreme and absurd situations of human existence such as war, fear, and death. In The Red Badge of Courage based on the Civil War, Crane reveals men’s critical and selective situations against the fear of death. In this novel, Crane satirizes the heroic myths of war by using various literary techniques such as ironies, symbols, images of colors, and psychological realism. Like Crane, Hemingway, also, represents the tragic condition of human existence in A Farewell to Arms which is based on his personal experience during the First World War. Frederic Henry, the protagonist, also escapes from the war front for a strong aversion and detestation of war. Unlike Henry Fleming in The Red Badge of Courage, he doesn’t want to be a war hero, but he reveals the absurdity of human destiny by using his unique hard-boiled and understatement style. Even though there are many similarities and differences in their works, it is clear that both Crane and Hemingway show a deep existentialism in their war novels through various literary devices. (Chungnam National University)