In this paper, the direction of literacy education is discussed focusing on a “lifelong learning society”. Lifelong learning was approached as a structure with an ideological layer, a policy layer, and a practice layer. The ideological layer provides the direction of literacy education required by our society and becomes an epistemological basis for literacy education. The policy layer allows the establishment of a policy discussion and frame system for life literacy education. I discuss life literacy education policy by dividing it into a hard function and a soft function. Focusing on literacy’s hard function, literacy education can construct a life literacy frame that considers human life. Focus on the soft function of literacy, literacy education can be established through various literacy policies. The practice layer suggests specific directions for developing lifelong education programs related to literacy education. It is necessary to look at social systems and education regarding humans’ life cycle. Literacy education also needs to be approached as a lifelong learning system in a lifelong literacy frame.