본 연구는 배우자와 사별 후 혼자 남겨진 여성노인들의 삶에 초점을 두고, 2014년 생활시간자료를 활용하여 사별 여성노인들의 24시간의 하루가 어떻게 구성되어 있는지, 얼마나 다양한 형태를 띄고 있는지를 ‘활동적 노화’의 관점에서 살펴본다. 시퀀스 분석(sequence analysis)을 통해 유형을 구분하고 다항로지스틱 회귀분석으로 주요한 영향요인을 도출하였다. 분석결과, 사별 여성노인 집단의 일상은 5개의 유형으로 - “사회참여형”, “은둔형”, “활동조화형”, “소극적관계형” 그리고 “경제활동집중형” - 분류되었다. 사별 여성노인들이 노후에 활동적 일상을 영위하기 위한 조건으로 건강은 매우 중요하고 필수적인 요소인 것으로 나타났다. 유형에 따라 연령, 교육수준, 소득수준 등 인구사회적 요인의 영향이 다르게 나타났으며, 연령이 적고 건강수준이 좋으면 경제활동 중심의 활동적 일상을 보이고, 연령이 많고 경제적으로 여유로운 경우 여가 및 사회참여를 중심으로 구성된 활동적 일상을 사는 것으로 나타났다. 특히 하루 21.75시간을 그 누구와의 상호작용도 없이 혼자 시간을 보내는 소극적관계형이나 가용시간을 경제활동을 하는데 대부분 소비해서 여가 및 사회참여와 같은 다양한 활동을 할 여유가 없는 경제활동집중형에 대한 정책적 개입이 필요함을 제안하였다.

This study focused on the lives of aged women who were left alone after their spouses and deaths. For this study, we performed sequence analyses using 2014 living time data to look at how the day of women living 24 hours was composed of different forms and structures with the perspective of ‘Active Aging’. Their daily lives were stylized into a total of Five-① Social participation, ② Isolation, ③ Activity harmonization, ④ Passive interaction and ⑤ Economic activities concentration type. Health has emerged as a very important and essential condition for the elderly to enjoy an active daily life in their old age after the bereavement. Different types revealed different factors, such as age, education, and income levels. Especially, It was observed that younger and healthier people pursue economic activities, and that the older and more economically affluent people structure their daily lives in a way that aims to pursue leisure and social participation. We argued for the need for careful and dedicated policy intervention in the types of “Isolation type” which people spend 21.75 hours a day alone without any interaction and those types of “Economic activities concentration type” that cannot afford to engage in quality activities such as leisure and social participation by spending all available time on economic activities. Through the analysis results, it was empirically revealed that various types of active aging levels appear in the daily lives of the widow, and we could find out their daily lives consist of fairly active moments, not passive and depressed time. Based on the results of this study, we would like to make practical suggestions to establish a better environment for them to spend their old age more actively.