Objective To indicate the prevalence and duration of progression of end stage renal disease due to diabetes mellitus type II in Cambodia Methods 150 random medical record of hemodialysis patients includes 87 female and 63 male, aged 30~70 collected from 2010~2013 at two Hemodialysis Centers (Preah Ket Mealea Hemodialysis Center and Cambodia-Japan Friendship Blood Purification Center). We study on those patients who have diagnosis of diabetes mellitus type II and duration of diabetes before admission for hemodialysis, creatinine clearance level and HbA1C at admission as well as other complications Results Among 150 hemodialysis patients, the prevalence of end stage renal disease due to diabetes mellitus type II is approximately 62%. They were admitted for hemodialysis with creatinine clearance from 8~12 ml/min. Further study shows that 23% of diabetic patients admitted for hemodialysis after 3~6 years, 45% admitted after 7~11 years follow by 32% admitted after 12~15 years of diabetes mellitus diagnosis. HbA1C level is unknown for 90% and the remaining 10% have their HbA1C of 8~11%. They developed other complications includes hypertension (77%), retinopathy (15%) and diabetic foot ulcer (8%). Conclusion The result of the study shows that diabetic end stage renal disease is the common cause of hemodialysis in Cambodia. The progression from diagnosis of diabetes to end-stage renal disease is significantly rapid (3~15 years). It could possibly caused by poorly controlled or late-diagnosed diabetes mellitus type II. Therefore, health professionals should be certain that the treatments reach goal therapy and health screening for diabetes should be considered.