The incidence of type 1 diabetes(T1DM) was very low (1.36/100,000 population) in Korea. Total number of children and adolescents with T1DM was less than 3,000/year in the last decade according to National Health Insurance. The sex ratio(M:F) was about 1:1. According to age, the percentage of the patients in less than 4 year, 5-9 year, 10-14 year and 15-18 year was 3%, 13%, 36% and 48%, respectively. Since long acting insulin has been introduced in 2006, multiple insulin injection method was increasing year by year and more than 75% of the patients seemed to use this method at present. Unfortunately, the articles or reports about T1DM in pediatrics were not many, because most of pediatric endocrinologist individually met only a few T1DM patients in practice. Although multiple insulin injection method is more physiologic theoretically, there were few reports in Korea whether multiple insulin injection method made the Hb A1c level keep lower than before. To provide optimal management for children with T1DM, the appropriate guideline has to be provided. Unfortunately, there was no consensus or guideline for Korean children and adolescents with T1DM in the past. Recently, Korean Society for Pediatric Endocrinology (KSPE) reviewed ‘Global IDF/ISPAD guideline for diabetes in childhood and adolescence’ that International Society for Pediatric and Adolescent Diabetes (ISPAD) and the International Diabetes Federation (IDF) have developed in 2011. Finally, KSPE have published ‘A Guidebook for Type 1 diabetes’ in May 2013. In conclusion, to know and provide optimal treatment for the youth with T1DM in Korea, multicenter database or registry should be required as soon as possible.