Statin is the first choice for management of dyslipidemia. And, the main purpose of stain therapy is the primary and secondary prevention of cardiovascular disease. However, new insight has come to the possible long-term effects of statin on cancer, diabetes mellitus, bone metabolism, and infection. Risk of cancer after stain therapy has already been reviewed in large randomized controlled trials. Till now, two randomized controlled trials, PROSPER (Prospective Study of Pravastatin in the Elderly at Risk) and LIPID (Long-Term Intervention With Pravastatin in Ischemic Disease) trial, have shown an increased risk of cancer in the statin group. However from all of previous systematic reviews and meta-analyses, it can be concluded that there is no increased risk of cancer with statin therapy. In 2010, one meta-analysis reported that statin was associated with 9% increased risk for new onset diabetes. Furthermore, use of intensive-dose statin showed higher incidence of incident diabetes, comparing with moderate-dose statin treatment. However, there is the possibility that the mechanism of statin inducing diabetes may only be activated in patients with multiple risk factors for the development of diabetes or may be intensified under certain physiological characteristics. And there may be a higher risk of diabetes in women who have smaller body mass, and so, relatively more exposure to statin dosage. However, if we consider the hypothetically unwanted effect of statin on women, we also have to notice the beneficial effect of stain on bone metabolism. Statin stimulate bone formation through increasing expression of BMP-2 and osteocalcin, and showed antiresorptive effect by interfering with the fusion process. So, a beneficial effect of statin should be considered when using a statin to manage dyslipidemia and cardiovascular risk, particularly so far as postmenopausal women are considered, because they frequently has a risk of postmenopausal osteoporosis.