Objective： To assess the level of medication adherence to anti-diabetic therapy and identify the barriers encountered while adhering to therapy among type 2 Diabetes Mellitus patients. Methods： A Cross sectional quantitytive study was conducted among type 2 diabetes mellitus patients appearing for a follow up treatment in a hospital in Nepal. Interview was conducted to the patients using a validated questionare to obtain socio demographic characteristics and obstacles associated while adhering to anti diabetic therapy. Medication adherence level was assessed using validated survey form for medication adherence consisting of eight questions; Morisky Medication Adherence Scale (MMAS 8 item). Results: A result on adherence level showed that 3.3% of the participants were highly adherent, 63.4% of the participants were moderately adherent and 33.3% of the participants were less adherent to anti-diabetic therapy. The results showed higher prevalence of medication adherence among male (64.6%), educated individuals (70.9%), patients with co-morbidities (75%) and those with frequent visit to hospital (68%). Married patients were more adhere (63.8%) than those who were unmarried. Moreover, patients within nuclear type of family was found to be more adhere (65.9%) to the anti-diabetic therapy. The most common causes for non-adherence was difficulty in remembering to take all medications (67.5%). Whereas, inconvenience in taking medication (57.7%), forgetfulness (28%)，missing of medication (4.9%), perception of feeling better (1.6%) were other obstacles associated with non-adherence indicating that there might be more than one cause for non-adherence. Overall results revealed that the participants in the study area were moderately adherent to anti-diabetic medications. Conclusion： Adherence to antidiabetic drags was found to be suboptimal. The study showed need of intervention programs to address factors identified in order to improve adherence and in turn improve blood glucose level.