Objective : In Bangladesh Gestational Diabetes Mellitus (GDM) and Perinatal Depression are alarming but the actual prevalence rate of both diseases in pregnancy is still lacking. This study was the corollary part of previous study (to find out prevalence of depression and associated factors, among GDM subjects and compare with Non-GDM) to reveal the outcome of pregnancy with depression and GDM.
Methods : 748 pregnant women participated in the case control study. They were followed up from their 1st visit (not included after 13th week) to 1st week after delivery for at least 3 checkups. Depressive symptoms was scored following MADRS scale (0-12 = not, 13-19 = mildly, 20-34 moderately, 35-60 = severely - depressed). Blood glucose was measured on every visit following WHO criteria; GDM was diagnosed within 24th to 28th weeks. Delivery procedure, Birth weight and APGAR score at 1st and 5th minute were assessed for the neonate.
Results : Prevalence of depression among pregnant women was 18.32%. with high rate in GDM subjects (25.92%). Over all mean depressive score was higher at 3 stages in GDM group. Rate of caesarean section, number of live birth, and birth weight was higher but APGAR score at 2 stages were lower in GDM group than NGDM. Meanage, Parity and birth weight of baby was higher but mean APGAR scores at both time period was lower in depressed groups (all 3 stages) than non depressed. Pregnant who were depressed specially in last trimester seem to have more rate of CS. Though gestational age at delivery did not vary much among the depressed and non depressed group. Statistical tests proved there was significant association with depressive scores with gestational age and birth weight.
Conclusion : Important finding of this study was the elevated prevalence rate of depression in pregnancy which was greater than assumed. Pregnancy outcomes are strongly associated with GDM and Depression.