Objective: Estimates for risk of diabetes in healthy subjects are important, and simple index using fasting glucose (FPG) and triglyceride (TG), TyG index, have been introduced as surrogates. Recently, soluble CD36 (sCD36) was reported to be closely related with insulin resistance and atherosclerosis. We compared product of sCD36 and FPG (sCD36G index) with TyG index on the prevalence of type 2 diabetes (T2DM). Methods: This was a cross-section study and 159 Korean subjects were recruited at Yeungnam University Hospital. TyG index was calculated as the Ln [FPG (mg/dL) × TG (mg/dL) / 2]. We defined CD36G index as calculating Ln [sCD36 (pg/mL) × fasting glucose (mg/dL) / 2]. Results: After excluding Type 1 diabetes (n = 3), total of 156 subjects (men 90; mean age, 55.2 yr) were enrolled. Healthy, prediabetes, diabetes were 34, 46, and 76 subjects respectively. CD36G index and TyG index levels were significantly increased in T2DM (Healthy vs. prediabetes vs. T2DM = 8.14 ± 0.32 vs. 8.72 ± 0.58 vs. 10.330 ± 0.86, 8.06 ± 0.56 vs. 8.56 ± 0.55 vs. 9.26 ± 0.77, respectively, P < 0.05). The CD36G index was positively correlated with HbA1C, HOMA-IR (P < 0.05; r = 0.753, 0.349, respectively), and negatively with HOMA-B% (r = -0.321). In multivariate regression analysis, CD36G index significantly associated with the prevalence of type 2 diabetes (OR = 15.65; 95%CI 6.60-37.13, P < 0.05) rather than that of TyG index (OR 5.03, 95%C.I. 2.76-9.19, P < 0.05). Conclusion: Both TyG and sCD36G index were associated with HbA1c and insulin resistance, and inversely related with β-cell function. sCD36G index is more associated with the prevalence of type 2 diabetes, than with TyG index.