The aim of this study consists in making clear Principles of Physical Education put into use in America and Japan, by comparing and analyzing them. The textual method is selected to analyze the texts [Principles of Physical Education], pualished in America and Japan. The major points of the study are as follows: 1. Principles of Physical Education in America mainly consist of policies and foundations on physical application. They are based on philosophy and science. The characteristics of American principles are possibilities and extension. 2. Principles of Physical Education in Japan are identified as disciplines to deal with universal problems such as physical essence and unchangeable principles of physics.