The purpose of this study tried to discussion the Rousseau’s education and physical education theory. Rousseau’s philosophy based on naturalism. but he was rejects a traditional social structure and educational method. Also, He was rejected a growing process of children and much articial’s langugistik education. But, if you look at his book "Emile", Rousseau have been limited the educational circumstance with special purpose. The meaning of natureistic athletic was sound the body training, recreational skill and health education with mind control. Rousseau definites the Greece Rome and get from gymnastike so that te he encorages a growth of natural and training, but he discourages the necessary of doctor. However. athletic has biger meaning with the naturalism gets through from eighteen to next century.