The objective of this paper is to explore the nature of Chinese Existential sentences (CES henceforth) from a cognitive perspective. CES have a special structural feature, that is, “space word+predicate+sb/sth”, this paper will analyze what this structural feature represents in terms of cognitive linguistic principles.
This paper is formed by following discussions: (1) to examine the phenomenon that CES has the word order, “predicate+sb/sth”, even though the “sh/sth” can be regarded as the performer of the action represented by the predicate, for this, it will be suggested the fact that the “sb/sth” has unspecified feature and the fact that CES contains the special syntactic devices for the less prototypical subject; (2) to analyze the unspecified feature of the “sb/sth” with defocusing of the “sb/sth” in CES: (3) to illustrate the mechanism of foregrounding of space word, such as long-range perspective mode, construal-as-a scene, etc., and it will also be noted that from these ideas, we can see that CES has a stative feature.