Objective: The study was conducted to determine the prevalence of Dietary Enerrgy Density and Dyslipidemia among selected group pf adults in the Philippines. Furthermore, the study also sought to determine the correlates or factors associated with Dietary Energy Density and Dyslipidemia.
Methods: An eight-hour fasting blood specimen for the determination of the lipid profile of the respondents was done during the conduct of the survey collected by a licensed phlebotomist and medical technologist. For the Diertary Energy Density, a 24-hour recall was administered among the respondents. A pre-tested structured questionnaire in collecting socio-demographic data, lifestyle practices and behaviors (smoking, alcohol drinking, physical activity, etc.) that could put individuals at risk of dyslipidemia was collected. Anthropometric measurements (height, weight, waist circumference) were likewise obtained. Dietary energy density (DED) was presented as quartiles arranged from very low to high DED. To compare general characteristics across quartiles ,analysis of variance and χ2 tests of homogeneity of proportion were used for continuous and categorical variables, respectively.
Results: Results revealed that alomost half (49.92%) of the respondents had dyslipidemia. Among the parameters of dyslipidemia, it was the low HDL that the highest prevalence (40%). Among the respondents with familial history of diseases, hypertension was hihest at 53% while diabetes mellitus was next at 14% among the respondents.Mean Dietary Energy Density was 1.89 which is higher among previous studies done among Asians and other Europeans suggesting a high energy densed diet among filipino adults. Among the factors tested for Dietary Energy Density, those which were dignificant were educational attainment as well as dietary components such as total energy, dietary fat, protein and dietary fiber. For Dyslipidemia, factors associated were educational attainment, BMI, smoking, alcohol and total energy.
Conclusion: Dyslipidemia have common associated factors with Dietary Energy Density. Interventions should therefore be focused on these commonalities.