Elevated iron stores may or may not promote atherogenesis by increasing free radical formation and oxidative stress, but studies about effects of iron supplementation on serum lipid profile and antioxidant capacity are lacking. We investigated changes in iron status, serum lipid profile and antioxidant capacity of Kumdo trainees after iron supplementation for 6 weeks. Twenty iron-depleted (serum ferritin < 20 g/L), nonanemic (hemoglobin > 11 g/dL) women who had participated in Kumdo received iron (iron group) or placebo (placebo group) for 6 wk in a randomized, double-blind trial (n = 10 per group). No significant differences between the groups in baseline iron status, nutrition status and physical activities were observed. After treatment, serum iron and transferrin saturation increased significantly in the iron group (P < .01 and P < .05, respectively). Serum transferrin receptor concentrations increased significantly in the placebo group (P < .05) but not in the iron group. No significant differences between the groups in lipid profiles, except for Serum HDL-C level which decreased significantly in the iron group (P < .05) were observed. TBARS decreased significantly in the iron group (P < .05)