The purpose of this study was to inquire the effects of physique component, skinfolds, health consciousness, and fitness on the energy expenditure of male children. The subjects were 28 boys in 5th- and 6th-grade(11.2±0.2yrs, 146.5±6.6cm, 39.6±7.0kg). The energy expenditure were measured by mechanical device(Caltrac accelerometer) for 3~7 days. The questionnaire on health consciousness was modified from the domestic leisure survey(1995) and Kim, S,K.(1996). The fitness items were right and left grip strength, 100m run, pull ups, sit ups, throwing, 600m run, fitness index, and fitness grade. There were significant correlation among activity energy expenditure, total energy expenditure, and activity energy expenditure ratio. The energy expenditure had higher correlation with physique variables such as weight, and height than with body fat variables such as % fat, and skinfolds. The strength and power variables such as left and right grip strength, long jump, and throwing had significant correlation with activity energy expenditure, activity energy expenditure ratio, fitness, and fitness grade. Long jump had a significant correlation with 3 energy expenditure variables. As a results of multiple regression by physique components, both activity energy and total energy expenditure were effected by weight, and activity energy expenditure ratio was effected by height. As a results of regression by health consciousness and body symptoms, activity energy expenditure was effected by consciousness of exercise effects and cardiorespiratory symptoms, activity energy expenditure ratio was effected consciousness of exercise effects. As a results of regression by fitness, both activity energy expenditure and activity energy expenditure ratio were effected by long jump, and total energy expenditure was not effected by any variables. As a results of regression by all of variables, activity energy expenditure was effected by consciousness of exercise effects, % fat, long jump, and cardiorespiratory symptom(P<.01), total energy expenditure was effected by weight and cardiorespiratory symptom(P<.05), activity energy expenditure ratio was consciousness of exercise effects, % fat, fitness index, 100m running(P<01).