경상북도 경주시의 25개 읍·면·동 중에서 도시지역과 농촌지역 각각 4개 동과 5개 읍·면지역을 층화집락무작위 표본추출법을 이용하여, 2005년 12월부터 2006년 2월까지 지역사회 수준에서 여성의 암검진 행태와 암검진 종류에 따른 경험률의 경시적 변화를 조사하고, 검사결과에 따른 유소견자 검진 여부를 분석하며, 암검진 동기와 미검진 이유를 파악하고, 암검진 경험과 대상자들의 특성과의 관련성을 분석하고자 하였다. 조사대상자 332명 중에서 299명에 대하여 조사를 완료하여 분석하였다. 조사 내용은 대상자의 일반적 특성, 건강생활실천 및 만성질환 이환 여부, 최근 5년간 암검진 경험률, 유소견 판정 여부, 유소견 판정에 따른 검사 여부, 암검진을 받은 이유와 미검자의 경우 암검진을 받지 않은 이유 등에 대하여 설문하였다. 암검진의 경우는 위내시경이나 위장조영검사를 시행한 경우를 설문하였으며, 유방암은 유방 X-선 검사(mammogram), 대장암은 내시경이나 대장 조영술을 받은 경험에 대하여 설문하였다. 수집된 자료는 코드화하여 전산 입력한 후 SPSS 12판을 이용하여 χ²-test, Fisher’s exact test를 이용하여 검증하였으며, 주요 연구결과는 다음과 같다. 권고안 이행 수검률은 위암이 29.4%, 유방암 24.4%, 대장암 17.5%, 대변잠혈검사는 9.2%였으며, 최근 5년 간 수검률은 위암 38.8%, 유방암 30.8%, 대장암 17.5%, 대변잠혈검사 20.5%였다. 암 검진을 받은 대상자 중 위암은 80.4%, 유방암88.7%, 대장내시경은 87.5%, 대변잠혈검사 93.0% 가 ‘검진을 할 기회가 있어서’ 로 가장 많았다. 미수검 이유로는 검사의 필요성을 느끼지 못하거나 건강상의 문제가 없어서가 약 90%로 대부분을 차지하고 있었다. 수검률과 유의한 관련성이 있는 변수는 대상자의 연령이었으며, 결혼상태, 학력, 의료보장 형태, 소득수준은 관련성이 없었고, 건강생활실천행태는 암검진 수검률과는 관련성이 없었다. 암검진 수검률, 유소견자 검진 비율을 동시에 높이기 위하여 40대와 70대의 암검진 수검률을 높이는 것이 필요하며, 유소견자 관리에 대한 가이드라인 등을 개발하여 보급함과 동시에 검진 못지 않게 유소견자 검사와 추적관찰도 중요하다는 홍보와 개입 전략이 필요하다.

Objectives: The specific objectives of this study was to identify the longitudinal change of the screening rates according to type of cancer, whether follow up examination had been conducted to those subjects had abnormal findings after cancer screening, and association between the cancer screening experiences and general characteristics and health behaviors of the subjects. Methods: For this study, 353 female respondents in four Dongs (urban areas) and five Ub/Myeons (rural areas) of Gyeongju city, Gyeongsangbuk-do province were selected using stratified random cluster sampling and administered questionnaire. This study was conducted from December 2005 to February 2006. The sample for this study is composed of 332 females, and interviews with 299 females was completed. Subjects were asked about their general characteristics, health behaviors, experiences of cancer screening, results of cancer screening, whether participated the follow up examination after abnormal findings on the cancer screening, and the reasons to participate in cancer screening for both those participated and those not participated cancer screening on the survey. Study subjects in stomach cancer screening were asked about their experiences of gastroscopy and upper GI examination. Participants in the breast, and colorectal cancer screening were asked about their experiences of mammogram, colonoscopy and double contrast barium enema examination, respectively. For the assessment, we used the recommended guidelines of cancer screening in order to judge how the subjects observed the standard. Recommended guidelines, which we used, of cancer screening for the stomach and breast is doing examination every two years, for the FOBT is every year, for the colonoscopy and double contrast barium enema examination is every five years. The analysis was conducted using SPSS version 12.0. And chi -square test, and Fisher's exact test were used for statistical test. Results: Utilizing recommended guidelines, the participation rates for the stomach, breast, and colorectal cancer screening were 29.4%, 24.4%, 17.5%, respectively and for the fecal occult blood test (FOBT) was 9.2%. And followings are the cancer screening rates in the past five years. Screening rate for stomach cancer is 38.8%, for breast cancer 30.8%, for colorectal cancer 17.5% and for FOBT is 9.2%. The most prominent motive for those participated the cancer screening was "Had a chance for cancer screening", which consists the reason for stomach cancer screening 80.4%, for breast cancer: 88.7%, for colonoscopy: 87.5%, for FOBT was 93.0%. Subjects who responded never had experienced cancer screening had the reasons of "Not having any health problem" the most frequently. Age is the only statistically significant factor association with cancer screening rates. Other general characteristics and health behavior were not associated with cancer screening rates. Conclusions: This study suggests the need for education and public campaigns, particularly targeting on forties and seventies, of age to raise the cancer screening rates and follow up examination rates after abnormal screening results.