Objectives: The purpose of this study was to explore factor associated with smoking experience among elementary school children in a metropolitan city in Korea. Methods: All the elementary schools in Daegu city were stratified by region, and then schools as a primary sampling units (PSU) were selected by probability proportional to size (PPS) sampling. One class per grade was sampled randomly from 5th and 6th grade in a sampled schools from October to December in 2004. The students completed a standardized self-administered questionnaire anonymously. The total number of 1,791 respondents was included in the final analysis. Simple and multiple logistic regression were conducted with STATA 9.0 by design-based analysis considering strata variable, PSU, and sampling weight. Results: The overall prevalence of smoking experience was 13.8%, and prevalence rates among male and female wre 18.0%, and 8.7%, respectively. Among those who had smoking experience, 29.9% experienced before admission to elementary school. The most common motivation for first smoking was curiosity (55.7%), and the next was offers from adults including father (12.1%). The major sources of cigarette acquisition on first smoking experience were stealing or picking up the cigarette or butt in home (38.0%), getting from adults (22.4%). The multiple logistic regression showed that those who were more likely to have experience smoking were male gender (OR=2.26, p<0.001), estimated peer smoking prevalence of three or more among ten (OR=2.64, p<0.001), having smoking friends (OR=1.87, p<0.05), middle (OR=1.81, p<0.001) or lower (OR=2.20, p<0.001) academic performance, lower family economic status (OR=1.83, p<0.1), no interest in (OR=1.58, p<0.1) or having good image to(OR=3.18, p<0.05) peer smoking, having higher (OR=1.82, p<0.05) or extremely high (OR=2.87, p<0.01) stress. Those who had experience smoking had other undesirable health behaviors, and had positive attitude toward smoking. Conclusions: The results of this study suggest the smoking prevention education should be applied to young elementary students, and the education and campaign for parents and family member is also necessary.