This article attempts to analyze the affair that the SNCF(the French National Railway Company) was brought into courts by the children of the Holocaust victims or survivors, confronted by public uproar, and disputed owing to its complicity in the jewish deportation in the years of 1942-1944 for more than a decade since the early 1990s. Most of historians agreed that the SNCF had little room for independent action while carrying out deportation of the Jews under the double constraints of German occupation authorities and the Vichy government. Therefore it was neither actually nor historically valid for the Administrative Court in Toulouse to impose nearly equal responsibilities on the state and the SNCF in June 2006. However, the decision of the Court contributed to destroying a railway version of the Resistance myth that most of the French had identified the SNCF under the German occupation with a Resistance company since the film The Battle of the Rails(1946). The railway version lasted much longer than the Resistance myth in general that already began to collapse since the early 1970s.