Biofouling has been a major problem in the application of separation/filtration technology in water and wastewater treatment. In this work, a novel filtration material with adsorption/antibacterial properties was developed by surface modification of polypropylene (PP) nonwoven fabric, using a process which involved UV-induced graft copolymerization of glycidyl methacrylate (GMA), and amination or sulfonation of the grafted GMA groups. GMA was effectively grafted onto PP by photografting polymerization. The grafted GMA groups were easily converted into amine groups or sulfonic acid groups upon reaction with ethylenediamine (EDA) or sodium sulfate solution. The modified PP fibers were characterized by means of FT-IR, SEM, adsorption tests, and antibacterial tests. We found that the aminated or sulfonated PP-g-GMA fabric possessed high adsorption capacity and highly effective antibacterial activities against both E. coli and S. aureus.