The purpose of this study was to investigate the mediating effects of young children’s preference about teacher when looking at the effects of mother’s parenting stress, marital conflict on young children’s self esteem. The subjects consisted of 1556 children and their mothers investigated by panel study on Korean children. Data were analyzed by SPSS 23.0 program and the test of model was done with analysis of correlation matrix in AMOS program using a path analysis. The results of this study were as follows: First, In order to find out whether the relationship between the main variables is appropriate, the fitness of the measurement model was tested. As a result, the X² was .009 and the significance probability was greater than .05. GFI and NFR are close to the recommended level, and this structural model is proved to be acceptable. Second, the parental stress and marital conflicts on the teacher preferences of the young children were statistically significant. Children’s preference about teacher had a 9% direct effect. Mother’s parenting stress had 53% direct effect on the family environment. Marital conflict had a 75% direct effect on the family environment. Finally, direct effect of the self esteem of young children on family environment was 15%, but directive effect of the self esteem on early childhood preference was 29%.