The purposes of this study are to fine out conceptual metaphors about illness. The analysis is based on Cognitive linguistics theory . The data are from Traditional Thai medicine textbook, “Pratomjinda aphaisanta” in Southern Thai dialects. The result of this study are as follows : there are 4 kinds of conceptual metaphors of illness which are ILLNESS IS PERSON WHO HARM, ILLNESS IS WEED, ILLNESS IS A BAD ANIMAL and ILLNESS IS EVIL. It can be concluded from research that the fundamental basis of Southern Thai language users or Traditional Thai medicine concept of Illness are from bodily, social and cultural experiences.