The Thai novel or prose fiction, which began with translating and adopting from western literature, flourished in the reign of King Vajiravuth (RAMA VI) and rooted in the 1920’s. In the first stage it was merely a pastime of dilettantti, the learned and wealthy class in the thai society, and was of half-western nature. Therefore, writers had one or several pennames. The thai usually classify literary works into the rotten literary works ( injfnijjin iiii ) and the literary works for the peoples or the literary works for life ( irmin mairmmaniJi：：민1인11 ). The former, numerically superior to the latter, does not have any special role. But the latter, plays the predominant role and leads the thai literary society. Even though the literary work for the people or for life does not correspond in time and has intervals owing to the political, social and, economic changes and reforms, it is regarded as a continual attempt and an eager search for a better life and happiness for the general public. In this respect, it could be compared to a light in darkness. Besides，it shows the way of better and right life continuously and has the great power to encourage and move the reading public to struggle against injustice and immorality. From the later half of the 1920’s onwards, prominant thai writers have generally been the product of the new thai society. High school leavers, college and university students and graduates of both sexes have gradually become writers of prose fiction of this tendency. Literature and society are inseparably related to each other. Social， political and economical changes, therefore, influences the tendency and theme of literary works. Especially the oppression from the government makes the writer face up to reality of the society and have the creative will to overcome. Moreover, these drastic changes since the King Chulalongkom (RAMAV) period such as the contact' with western cultures, the introduction of printing technology, the birth and growth of journalism, and the implements' tion of modem education for the general public as well as the nature and size of the reading public inspired the writers to think about the role of the novel and the responsibility of the writers themselves to the society they live in. They began to write for the poor, the public and stood for the rights of the poor, the lakorers and so on. So thai literature has changed from entertaining to enlightening and from passive literature to active. Reaction from the massive reading public is, at any rate, so positive that literature for the public or literature for life is still succeeded in spite of relentless pressure from the military government.