The purpose of this study is to examine the perception and attitude of local residents on the development of the Suwon Convention Center from the perspective of social exchange theory. The survey was conducted from October 15 to October 25, 2015 in Suwon for 10 days and obtained 238 samples. The implications of this study are as follows. First, sociocultural influences were highest among the perceptions of local residents on the development of the convention center. Second, unlike other studies, the economic impact on the development of the Suwon Convention Center was very high. Third, the environmental impacts on the development of Suwon Convention Center showed the lowest effects. Fourth, the perception of economic and sociocultural influence has been shown to affect the development attitude. Finally, the environmental impacts did not appear to have a significant impact on the attitudes of local residents on development.