최근 韓國語와 他 言語의 對照硏究 중, 品詞에 관련된 것이 점차 늘고 있는 반면, 對照된 언어들의 品詞 分類가 同一한 체계적 상관성을 가져야 함에도 불구하고 각각의 체계를 가진 채 對照되었던 것이 일반적이다. 본고는 이러한 문제에 주목하여 對照 연구가 많이 이루어지는 韓·中·日 세 언어를 대상으로 하되 同一한 체계적 상관성에 따른 品詞 對照를 위해 그 출발점에 해당하는 分類 基準을 設定하는 데 목표를 두었다. 본고는 기존 논의들을 통해 韓·中·日 品詞 對照를 위해서는 ‘意味’와 ‘機能’을 分類 基準으로 설정해야 한다는 결론을 내렸다. 이들은 세 언어의 普遍性과 特殊性을 반영하는 基準으로서 각각 一次的 基準, 二次的 基準이 될 수 있다. 또한, ‘形式’은 세 언어에 적용하기에는 모두 한계가 있어 分類 基準에서 제외시켰다. 결국 학교문법을 대상으로 韓·中·日 세 언어의 대조 연구를 위한 10品詞 체계를 설정하게 되었는데 이는 品詞 分類 基準이 그만큼 品詞 對照를 위해 重要하다는 사실을 强調하기에 充分하다.

Recently, the studies which compare Korean with other languages have been increasing gradually. Among them, the contrastive work in connection with parts of speech is not inconsiderable. As we know,　a same systematic interrelationship is needed for comparing parts of speech of several languages. Nevertheless, most of contrastive studies of parts of speech for Korean and other languages were depended on every separate system until now. However, such works are not useful anymore. This study payed attention to such problem and aimed at a classification standard setting which should be the starting point of contrastive study of parts of speech. Thereby, Chinese and Japanese which are compared with Korean mostly are selected as the object of discussion. To set an appropriate classification standard, this study started with existed researches of parts of speech of Korean, Chinese and Japanese(‘KCJ’ hereafter). By such a work, the conclusion was drawn that ‘meaning’ and ‘function’ should be set as the classification standard of parts of speech for KCJ. It should be noted that ‘meaning’ refers to a standard which can reflect the universality of these three languages, while ‘function’ is seen as a standard which can reflect the specificity of them. Moreover, ‘form’ is hardly to apply to KCJ. For this reason, ‘form’ should be excluded from this standard. As a result, 10 parts of speech system had been set for KCJ. It is good enough to emphasize the importance of classification standard of parts of speech for contrastive studies of KCJ.