The purpose of this study is to examine how the multicultural bilingual education has been progressing in the public education field and to discuss problems and improvement. To do this, we analyze the duties and roles of bilingual education teachers and investigate effectiveness and feasibility of their work. According to the results of the survey and focus group interview(FGI), multicultural bilingual education has not been realized at school due to institutional constraints. The main reason is that the demand for bilingual education can not be grasped closely. As the demand for education and the supply of instructors do not coincide, bilingual instructors placed at each school are not able to provide actual education. Also, bilingual education teachers are not doing the original role in the school and doing other unintended tasks such as multicultural understanding education for general Korean students. For the active implementation of multicultural bilingual education, it is necessary to establish educational context where bilingual education is possible, and institutional improvement is required accordingly. (Hankuk University of Foreign Studies)