Each parching Anemarrhenae Rhizoma with 25% ethanol and normal saline has been used for anti-inflammatory, expectorant, antipyretic, sedative and diuretic, and so on. In order to investigate the differences of referential efficacy about each fractionated part of the aqueous extracts, pharmacological studies were carried out. The results of studies were summerized as follows : 1. By the administration of 25% ethanol treated preparation (F-I-1), the increase in urinary volume and Na^+ extraction was significantly recognized. 2. The excretion of electrolyte Na^+ by saline solution treated preparation (F-II-1) was significantly recognized in normal rats. 3. The increase of urinary volume and urinary Na^+ and Cl^- excretion by F-I-1 and n-butanol insoluble parts of F-I-1 (F-I-3) was significantly recognized in HgCl₂-induced acute renal failure of rats. 4. The increase of plasma Na^+ by F-I-1 and urea nitrogen by F-I-1 and F-I-3 in acute renal failure of rats was significantly recognized. 5. The increase of urinary volume by F-I-1 and F-I-3 was recognized in mice.